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作 者 ：汪岷;梁彦韬;白晓歌;江雪娇;王芳;乔倩

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2008年 19卷 11期 页码：2428-2434

摘 要 ：微微型浮游植物（0.2～2.0 μm） 是海水中最小的自养浮游生物， 在世界各海域广泛分布， 并在海洋有机物质循环中起着非常重要的作用.利用荧光显微技术对青岛近海及其邻近海域冬季微微型浮游植物丰度进行了调查,研究了微微型浮游植物的空间变化和昼夜变化的特征， 并分析了微微型浮游植物丰度与环境因子的相关性. 结果显示， 冬季该海域以富含藻红素（Phycoerythrin-rich, PE）的聚球藻(Synechococcus, Syn)细胞占优势，微微型真核藻类（Picoeukaryote, Euk）次之，而富含藻蓝素（Phycocyanin-rich, PC）的聚球藻细胞数量很低， 未发现原绿球藻（Prochlorococcus, Pro）的存在.Syn 的变化范围为8.97×10³～1.95×10⁵ cells·ml^-1， 平均4.67×10⁴ cells·ml^-1； Euk的变化范围为1.95×10²～1.01×10⁴ cells·ml^-1， 平均2.39×10³ cells·ml^-1. Syn丰度在胶南以南海域出现高值区域， 在即墨海域和崂山东南海域出现低值区域. Euk丰度在日照海域出现高值区域； 崂山海域为低值区域； 各水层Syn和Euk丰度均无明显差异(P﹥0.05). 对胶州湾中部连续站4层水体的24 h昼夜连续变化进行观测发现， Syn、Euk丰度都有明显昼夜波动.相关性分析表明： Syn与温度、 电导率呈正相关， 与溶氧浓度呈显著负相关； Euk与盐度和溶氧浓度呈显著负相关. 微微型浮游植物对总浮游植物生物量的贡献约为20％.

Abstract:Picophytoplankton (0.2-2.0 μm in size) is the smallest group of autotrophic plankton, being abundant and widespread in the world ocean and playing an important role in the organic matter cycling in ocean. By the method of epifluorescence microscopy (EFM), the abundance and its spatial and diurnal variations of the picophytoplanktons in Qingdao offshore and its adjacent waters in winter were investigated. The results showed that in the study area in winter, phycoerythrin-rich (PE) Synechococcus cells were dominant, followed by Picoeukaryote (Euk) cells, while the abundance of phycocyanin-rich (PC) Synechococcus cells was low and no Prochlorococcus (Pro) cells were observed. The abundance of Synechococcus (Syn) and Euk varied from 8.97×10³ to 1.95×10⁵ cells·ml^-1(averaged 4.67×10⁴ cells·ml^-1) and from 1.95×10² to 1.01×10⁴ cells·ml^-1(averaged 2.39×10³ cells·ml^-1), respectively. There was a high-value of Syn abundance in Jiaonan offshore and a low-value in Jimo and southeast Laoshan off-shores, while a high-value of Euk abundance in Rizhao offshore and a low-value in Laoshan offshore. No significant difference was observed in the vertical distribution of Syn and Euk abundance among four water layers (P>0.05) at a continuous station located in the center of Jiaozhou Bay, the abundance had an obvious diurnal fluctuation. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that Syn was positively correlated with water temperature and electrical conductivity (P<0.01) but negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen concentration (P<0.01), and Euk was negatively correlated with water salinity and dissolved oxygen concentration. In the study area in winter, picophytoplankton contributed about 20％ to the total phytoplanktonic biomass.

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