利用静态箱-气相色谱法,研究了火干扰对小兴安岭白桦沼泽生长季CH4、CO2和N2O排放的季节变化、源/汇功能的影响,以及其与环境因子的关系.结果表明: 轻度火干扰使白桦沼泽的气温和地表温度升高1.8 ℃～3.9 ℃,水位下降6.3 cm;重度火干扰使气温和0～40 cm土壤温度升高1.4 ℃～3.8 ℃,水位下降33.9 cm.轻度火烧、未火烧样地CH4呈春季吸收、夏秋季排放,重度火烧样地则呈春夏季吸收、秋季排放;未火烧样地CO2呈夏季>秋季≈春季,火干扰样地呈夏季>秋季>春季;未火烧样地N2O呈春季>夏季>秋季,轻度火烧样地呈秋季>春季>夏季,重度火烧样地呈夏季>秋季≈春季.未火烧样地CO2通量与气温、地表温度呈显著正相关,轻度火烧样地CO2通量与气温、5～10 cm土壤温度和水位呈显著正相关,重度火烧样地CO2通量与5～40 cm土壤温度呈显著正相关.火干扰使其CH4排放量提高169.5%（轻度）或转变为弱吸收汇（重度）,CO2和N2O排放量分别下降21.2%～34.7%和65.6%～95.8%,全球温暖潜势下降22.9%～36.6%.火干扰能够减少白桦沼泽温室气体排放，湿地管理实践中可适当开展有计划的火烧.
By the methods of static chamber and gas chromatography, this paper studied the effects of fire disturbance on the seasonal dynamics and source/sink functions of CH4, CO2 and N2O emissions from Betula platyphylla-forested wetland as well as their relations with environmental factors in Xiaoxing’an Mountains of China. In growth season, slight fire disturbance on the wetland induced an increase of air temperature and ground surface temperature by 1.8-3.9 ℃ and a decrease of water table by 6.3 cm; while heavy fire disturbance led to an increase of air temperature and 0-40 cm soil temperature by 1.4-3.8 ℃ and a decrease of water table by 33.9 cm. Under slight or no fire disturbance, the CH4 was absorbed by the wetland soil in spring but emitted in summer and autumn; under heavy fire disturbance, the CH4 was absorbed in spring and summer but emitted in autumn. The CO2 flux had a seasonal variation of summer > spring = autumn under no fire disturbance, but of summer > autumn > spring under fire disturbance; and the N2O flux varied in the order of spring > summer > autumn under no fire disturbance, but of autumn > spring > summer under slight fire disturbance, and of summer > spring = autumn under heavy fire disturbance. At unburned site, the CO2 flux was significantly positively correlated with air temperature and ground surface temperature; at slightly burned site, the CO2 flux had significant positive correlations with air temperature, 5-10 cm soil temperature, and water table; at heavily burned sites, there was a significant positive correlation between CO2 flux and 5-40 cm soil temperature. Fire disturbance made the CH4 emission increased by 1695% at lightly burned site or turned into weak CH4 sink at heavily burned site, and made the CO2 and N2O emissions and the global warming potential (GWP) at burned sites decreased by 21.2%-34.7%, 65.6%-95.8%, and 22.9%-36.6% respectively,compared with those at unburned site. Therefore, fire disturbance could decrease the greenhouse gases emission from Betula platyphylla-forested wetland, and planned firing could be properly implemented in wetland management.