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作 者 ：卢燕宇¹；黄耀^1,2;张稳²；郑循华²

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2007年 18卷 07期 页码：1539-1545

摘 要 ：依据政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)对农田N₂O排放因子的定义，将气候和种植制度等N₂O排放的主控因素引入到估算方法中，结合GIS技术估计了中国农田化肥氮导致的N₂O直接排放量的空间分布和年际变异.结果表明，在1991—2000年间由于化肥投入量的增加，中国农田化学氮源N₂O排放呈上升趋势.20世纪90年代的平均年排放量为204 Gg N₂O-N，变幅为159～269 Gg N₂O-N，排放量最高的年份出现在1998年，而1992年排放量为最低.估算结果的不确定性约为23％.受施氮量和降水的影响，N₂O排放通量表现出明显的地区差异，东部较高，西北偏低.

Abstract:Referring to the definition of agricultural field N₂O emission factor by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the main controlling factors climate and cropping system were introduced to estimate the chemical fertilizer N-induced direct N₂O emission from China agricultural fields in 1991-2000, and a spatial inventory with 10 km×10 km resolution was developed by dint of GIS framework. The results indicated that there was an increasing trend in the annual direct N₂O emission, due to the increasing input of chemical fertilizer N. The mean annual emission in 1990s was estimated to be 204 Gg N₂O-N, ranging from 159 to 269 Gg N₂O-N, and the lowest and the highest emission occurred in 1992 and 1998, respectively. The uncertainty of the estimation was quantified to be about 23%. The spatial distribution of N₂O emission was characterized by higher flux in eastern China and lower flux in western China, which was mainly attributed to the application rate of chemical fertilizer N and precipitation.

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