A thorough analysis on its natural environment as well as social economic status of the hilly-gullied loess region is presented. A small watershed, the dominant landscape unit of the region, has been singled out for further and specific study on landscape pattern and function, its social and economic distinctions. The authors proposed several principles based on its eco-economic background study, which includes water balance and efficient use principle, co-development of grass and agro-forestry principle, location optimization principle. Integrated with detailed analysis of a small watershed, an eco-productive paradigm for the loess land’s development based on a small watershed scale was worked out. It consists of circle pattern with villages at core for high efficient agriculture production, hierarchical pattern along the slope for eco-economic development, point-axis pattern for commodity production and circulation in small watersheds and core-margin pattern for exchanges among watersheds.
黄土丘陵沟壑区生态- 经济背景以及小流域优化生态- 生产范式
孔正红 张新时 朱桂杰
（1 . 中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态重点实验室，北京 100093 ；
2.华东师范大学生命科学学院， 上海 200062）
摘要: 在全面分析黄土丘陵沟壑区生态-经济敏感带的自然环境、社会经济环境的基础上，深入探讨了区域的优势景观单元——小流域的景观结构和功能，由此提出了构建小流域生态——生产范式的几项原则及范式内容。其中包括以下几项原则：水分平衡和高效利用原则、农林牧复合系统原则、区位优化原则等。范式内容强调小流域景观单元的空间异质性和等级特点，主要包括以村庄为中心的高效农业生产圈层结构模式、坡面梯状生态经济带建设模式、流域生态-经济水平生产模式、流域之间高效能流物流点-轴发展模式以及流域与外界环境的核心-边缘发展模式。
关键词: 黄土丘陵沟壑区；小流域；景观结构与功能；区位优化
通讯作者。 E-mail: <zhxsh@public.bta.net.cn>。
全 文 ：