This study examine the notion of plant community complexity in a broad sense and develop a new measure based on the average length L(S) (L(S)=∑ qj=1p jl j ) of the communication-theoretical parsimonious code required to describe the community (S). Total complexity may be differentiated into organized and unorganized complexity. The author refers to Shannon-Wiener entropy H(S) (H(S)=-∑ qj=1 p j log 2 p j ) and Renyi entropy H 12 (S) (H α(S)=11-αlog 2∑ qj=1 p α j , where α =12) as “disorder-based complexity", L(S) as “total complexity" and the difference Δ(S)=L(S)-H(S) and Δ 12 (S)=L(S)-H 12 (S) as “structural complexity". The complexity and diversity of typical plant communities along the NECT (Northeast China Transect) were discussed. The results suggest that structural complexity is higher in the lightly grazed grassland than the heavily grazed grassland. Clearly, structural complexity and disorder-based diversity are not substitutes for one another and should be considered as autonomous, equally important properties. Δ 12(S) measures a community complexity distinct form the disorder-based complexity H 12 (S) .
中国东北样带（NECT）植物群落复杂性与多样性研究
李镇清
（中国科学院植物研究所，北京100093）
摘要：在更广的意义上考虑群落复杂性的概念 ,将群落总复杂性分解为基于无序的复杂性和结构复杂性。并以群落的两个原始数据———群落组分 (例如种群 )数和各组分个体的比例分布为基础 ,用描述群落的最小剩余码的平均码长L(S) =∑qj=1 pjlj (其中lj为物种S的相对多度的Huffman码字长度 ,q是物种数 ,pj 满足∑qj=1 pj=1)测度群落总复杂性。用Shannon_Wiener熵H(S) =-∑qj=1 pjlog2 pj和Renyi熵Hα(S) =11-αlog2 ∑qj=1 pαj (α =12 )测度基于无序的复杂性。将总复杂性和基于无序的复杂性之差Δ(S) =L(S) -H(S)和Δ12 (S) =L(S) -H12 (S)作为组织复杂性或群落结构复杂性的测度。研究了中国东北样带典型植物群落的α_多样性、总复杂性和结构复杂性及其沿中国东北样带的变化趋势。研究结果表明 ,干扰相对较少的围栏割草地群落具有较高的结构多样性 ,而一些过度放牧的极端退化草地的结构多样性都较低。表明Δ12 (S)测度的复杂性组分不同于基于无序的复杂性组分H12 (S) ,将Δ12 (S)作为群落结构多样性测度是合适的。
关键词： 中国东北样带；植物群落；多样性；复杂性；结构复杂性
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