The mountain-basin system(MBS) in the north of the Tianshan Mountains consists of mountain vegetation vertical belt system and concentric circular vegetation (geologic and geomorphic) system of desert basin. The MBS contains three “circles”: montane, piedmont fan and alluvial plain, including nine belts, viz. alpine belt, montane forest-grassland belt, low-mountain desert belt, gravel gobi desert belt, agricultural oasis, marginal belt of diluvial fan, alluvial desert plain, sandy desert belt, and lake. The above-mentioned zonation is the most essential existence and functional pattern of those precious natural resources. It is the representation of an irresistible rule of the nature and, also, the guidance system of ecological conservation and land use. Basing on this foundation, a “mountain-oasis-oasis/desert ecotone-desert eco-productive paradigm”is proposed. The MBS is its basic frame. Its driving forces are the biogeochemical cycles, biogeophysic process, and biogeosocial interaction, which run through the whole system. Thus, the establishment of a sustainable agricultural system and an optimized land use and land cover structure and pattern, which aimed at ecological conservation, may be possible.
天山北部山地-绿洲!过渡带-荒漠系统的生态建设与可持续农业范式
张新时
（中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室，北京100093；北京师范大学资源科学研究所，北京100875）
摘要：天山北部的山盆系统由山地植被垂直带系统和荒漠盆地的同心环形(地质-地貌)植被地带所构成.该系统包括:山地、山前倾斜平原和古老冲积平原3个"圈"和其下的高山带、山地森林-草原带、低山荒漠带、砾石戈壁荒漠带、农业绿洲带、扇缘灌草带、冲积平原带、沙漠带和湖泊等9个"带".这些地带是干旱区最本质和弥足珍贵的自然资源的存在和作用方式,也是指导干旱区生态保育和土地利用的、不可违抗的大自然规律的宏观展现.在此基础上所提出的"山地-绿洲-过渡带-荒漠生态-生产范式"以山地和荒漠盆地的植被地带为框架,以贯穿和联系着这一系列环带的生物地球化学循环、生物地球物理过程和生物地球社会经济关系为驱动因素,建立起以可持续农业与生态保育为目的的、优化的土地覆盖与土地利用结构和格局.
关键词： 绿洲；绿洲-荒漠过渡带；荒漠；山盆系统；可持续农业；生态(生产范式
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