Abstract:Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast. which is native to China (Hunan, Hupei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangdong, etc.) belongs to family Cephalotaxaceae. Recently, a series of research work on alkaloids from Cephalotaxus genus has been reported because of their anticancer activities. However, other major active components-biflavones are neglected. In order to discuss the relationship of gymnosperm and study the active components we isolated three biflavones from the le- aves of Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast. Two of them co-3, co-4, are known compounds ie amentoflavone-4‘,4"‘,7,7"-tetramethyl ether and sciadopitysin, and the third one co-2, is a new compound named oliveriflavone. It‘s structure was elucidated as amentoflavone-4‘,4‘",7,7"-ether by UV, IR, 1HNMR, MS and chemical reactions.