---

作 者 ：张淑红,周宝利*,张磊,付亚文

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 10期 页码：5194~5199

关键词：蛇床子(Cnidium monnieri)；苦参(Sophora flavescens)；黄萎病菌；根际微生物；

Keywords:Cnidium monnieri, Sophora flavescens, verticillium wilt, Rhizospheric microbe,

摘 要 ：研究了蛇床子、苦参对茄子黄萎病菌的化感抑制作用及对茄子根际微生物数量的影响。结果表明，蛇床子、苦参的提取物抑制了茄子黄萎病菌菌丝生长，并随提取物浓度的增加抑制作用增强。在土壤中施入蛇床子、苦参提取物处理茄子苗后表现出一定的抗病效果，其中蛇床子处理的植株发病率最低。在土壤中添加蛇床子和苦参粉末，经腐解后，苦参处理的茄子植株株高、茎粗均高于对照处理，且二者处理后植株干物质含量高于对照。处理后茄子根际微生物中放线菌数量增加，真菌的数量变化差异不明显，细菌的数量相对减少，在初花期微生物的总量均高于初果期和定植期。

Abstract:Eggplant verticillum wilt is one of soil-borne diseases caused by Verticillum dahliae With the development of protected and specialized vegetable production. How to control the occurrence of soil-borne plant diseases by using of the principle of allelopathy is now the focus.According to researches, plant resistances to soil-born diseases related closely to the microbial population in rhizosphere. The composition and population of microorganism in rhizosphere had the effects on avoiding the infection of pathogen. Fructus cnidii and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis were screened out of 54 plant extracts with their resistance to Verticillum dahliae activity. The fruit of Fructus cnidii and the root of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis were used as plant materials in this research. The results showed that extract of Fructus cnidii had inhibitory effects on mycelia growth of Verticillum dahliae in vitro, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibitory effects. Treatment with concentration 20 g/L showed desired inhibitory effects and the inhibitory rate hit 79.33% after 8 days treated. Extracts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis had positive, but less efficient effects on mycelia growth of Verticillum dahliae 8 days later the inhibitory rate with concentration 20 g/L reached 68.46%. The growth parameters of potted eggplant such as plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight above ground and fresh root weight increased significantly after treated with powder of Fructus cnidii and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis. C. monniere and S.flavescens treatments, influenced the population and composition of microorganisms in the rhizosphere. The quantity of fungi in CK was higher than that in Fructus cnidii and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, which reached 46.52×105/g at flowering and gradually decreased at fruit stage. As for the bacterium, the highest and the lowest quantity appeared in CK and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis at flowering stage. The bacterium quantity in Fructus cnidii treatment hit 41.76×108/g at flowering stage. The quantity of actinomyces increased after treatments and reached 3938×107/g at flowering stage. Less quantity of actinomyces was found in Cnidium monnieri than that in Radix Sophora Flavescens. It seems that allelopathic substances released by C.monnirei and S. flavescens were suppressive to Verticillium dahliae.

---