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作 者 ：张彪,李文华,谢高地,肖玉

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 11期 页码：5618~5624

关键词：森林生态系统；水源涵养；北京市；

Keywords:forest ecosystem, water conservation function, Beijing,

摘 要 ：以北京市森林资源第6次二类调查数据为基础，采用区域水量平衡法和土壤蓄水能力评估了森林水源涵养的功能，并重点分析了不同类型和区位条件下森林涵养水源功能的差异。结果表明：2004年北京市森林生态系统涵养水源1.26×109m3；其中，怀柔区、延庆县、密云县、门头沟区和房山区的森林是水源涵养功能的主要贡献者（累积贡献率63.3%）；从森林类型来看，阔叶林和灌木林是水源涵养的主体（累积贡献率80.8%）；位于不同海拔高度的森林对水源涵养功能的贡献不同，其中位于海拔<100m、100～500m和500～800m森林的贡献率分别为29%、30.7%和23.3%；而且位于不同坡位的森林涵养水源的贡献也不同，其中平地和全坡的森林最高，贡献率分别为37.12%和40.7%。

Abstract:Based on the data of Category Ⅱ of the sixth forest inventory in Beijing(2004), the water conservation of the forest ecosystem was estimated by means of the regional water balance method as well as on the soil-water storage ability. The characteristics of water conservation of different forest types in different locations were analyzed. The result showed that a volume of 1.26×109m3 water was conserved in the forest ecosystem. Huairou District, Yanqing County, Miyun County, Mentougou District and Fangshan District were the main contributors of water conservation, and their cumulative ratio reached 63.3%. Broadleaf forest and shrub forest contributed 80.8% of the water conservation in Beijing forest ecosystem. Water conservation of forests located in the region differs with attitude. The forests with average elevation of 0-100m，100-500m and 500-800m contributed 29%, 30.7% and 23.3%, respectively. Different slope location also has an effect on water conservation, and those forests located in the flat ground and in the hills contribute with 37.12% and 40.7%, respectively.

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