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作 者 ：牟长城*,刘霞,孙晓新,石兰英,冯登军,程伟,吴云霞

期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 17期 页码：4598~4608

关键词：小兴安岭；阔叶林沼泽；CO2；CH4和N2O；季节变化规律；

Keywords:Xiaoxingan Mountains, broadleaved forested swamps, CO2, CH4 and N2O, seasonal variation,

摘 要 ：采用野外静态箱-气相色谱法，研究了小兴安岭典型阔叶林沼泽生长季节土壤CO2、CH4和N2O排放季节变化规律、源/汇功能及主要影响因子。结果表明：①苔草沼泽、毛赤杨沼泽和白桦沼泽生长季节土壤CO2、CH4、N2O排放分别集中在夏季、夏秋季、春夏季，平均排放通量依次为487.89、382.27、514.63 mg·m-2·h-1，1.88、1.03、0.04 mg·m-2·h-1，3.70、58.61、11.73μg·m-2·h-1。②三者生长季节土壤CO2排放通量与气温和0-20 cm土壤温度均呈显著正相关；苔草沼泽CH4排放通量与30-40 cm土壤温度呈显著正相关，毛赤杨沼泽CH4排放通量与地表温度呈显著负相关；白桦沼泽N2O排放通量与地表温度呈显著正相关。苔草沼泽N2O排放与水位呈显著负相关；毛赤杨沼泽CH4排放与水位呈显著正相关；白桦沼泽CO2排放与水位呈显著负相关。③三者生长季节土壤均为CO2、CH4、N2O排放源（17.56、13.76、18.53 t·hm-2；67.54、37.05、1.30 kg·hm-2；0.13、211、0.42 kg·hm-2），三者CO2排放量相近（5.5%-21.6%）；苔草沼泽为CH4的强排放源，毛赤杨沼泽为中排放源，白桦沼泽为弱排放源；毛赤杨沼泽为N2O的强排放源，白桦沼泽为中排放源，苔草沼泽为弱排放源。

Abstract:The seasonal variation, influening factors and source / sink of emission of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O and CH4) from marsh, alder (Alnus Jeponica) swamp and birch (Betula platyphella) swamp soils were studied in Xiaoxingan Mountains of China during the growing season of using a static opaque chamber-GC technique. The results showed that: ①The average emission fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O from the marsh, Alnus Jeponica- swamp and Betula platyphella-swamp soils were 487.89, 382.27, 514.63 mg?m-2?h-1, 1.88, 1.03, 0.04 mg?m-2?h-1, 3.70, 58.61, 11.73 μg?m-2?h-1 in growing season respectively, The fluxes of CO2 were higher in summer, CH4 in summer and autumn, and N2O in spring and summer. ② Air temperature and soil temperature (≤ 20 cm) were the main factors affecting CO2 emission in the three wetlands soils; Soil temperatures (30-40cm) were the main factors affecting CH4 emission in the marsh soils;Water table and surface soil temperatures were the main affecting factors of CH4 emission in Alnus japonica swamp soil; Water table was the main affecting factors of N2O emission in the marsh soil; surface soil temperature was the main affecting factors of N2O emission in Betula platyphella swamp soil. ③During the growing season, All three wetland soils were the sources of CO2, CH4 and N2O (17.56, 13.76 and 18.53 t?hm-2?a-1; 67.54, 37.05 and 1.30 kg?hm-2?a-1; 0.13, 2.11and 0.42 kg?hm-2?a-1). their sources of CO2 were very similar (5.5%-21.6%); the soil of marsh was a strong source of CH4, the soil of Alnus japonica swamp was a medium source of CH4, the soil of Betula platyghella swamp was a weak source of CH4; and the soil of Alnus japonica swamp was a strong source of N2O, the soil of Betula platyghella swamp was a medium source of N2O, the soil of marsh was a weak source of N2O.

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