作 者 ：白保勋,杨海青,樊巍,卞新民*
期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 22期 页码：6163~6172
Keywords:slow filtering eco-treatment system, hydraulic loading rates, soil properties, poplar aboveground growth,
摘 要 ：为了观测生活污水杨树林地处理对土壤和林木生长的影响，2008—2009年在郑州市龙湖镇，采用不同水力负荷(0、3、6、9、12、15 cm/周)，进行了污水慢渗生态处理试验。测定了污水处理期间杨树地上部分生长量，对表层（0—40cm）和下层（40—100cm）土壤理化性质进行了分析。选用土壤容重、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾作为土壤质量因子，运用土壤质量综合指标评价不同处理表层土壤质量，对下层土壤的理化性状的变化进行了研究。结果表明：在3—9 cm/周水力负荷时，表层土壤质量综合指标值（QI值）和杨树地上部分生长量均随着水力负荷的增加而增加，在9 cm/周水力负荷时达到最大；水力负荷大于9 cm/周，QI值和杨树地上部分生长量随着水力负荷增加而降低。在水力负荷较低时，污水处理对下层土壤性状影响较小，水力负荷大于9 cm/周，污水处理对下层土壤性状产生了不良影响。生活污水杨树林地处理比较适宜的水力负荷是6—9 cm/周。
Abstract:Along with the development of urbanization and the improvement of people‘s living standard, the domestic sewage is dramatically increased through time, resulting in serious environmental deteriorating in the water body. In order to decrease the pollution of surrounding water environment, the sewage treatment approaches through lands have been developed quickly and widly used. One of the most successful method is the slow filtering eco-treatment system, which lets sewage to go through the land planted with vegetation so that the sewage can be purified via flowing through the soil system. However, due to the high NaCl content in the domestic sewage, this treatment method may bring negative effects on the soil and plant. Accordingly, the hydraulic loading rate is the key parameter in slow filtering eco-treatment for the health of soil system and plant growth. To get a scientific and rational hydraulic loading rate is critical for sewage dispose and usage in land system. Therefore, our objectives are to evaluate the impacts of sewage through slow filtering eco-treatment system on soil properties and poplar growth, as well as to choose a suitable hydraulic loading rate for poplar plantation. The slow filtering eco-treatment system for sewage treatment was carried out with five hydraulic loading rates (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 cm/week) from 2008 to 2009 in Longhu town, Zhengzhou City, China. The aboveground biomass growth and the physicochemical properties of topsoil (0-40 cm) and subsoil (40-100cm) were investigated during the experiment duration. Eight soil properties were investigated, such as soil organic carbon (SOC), soil nitrogen (N), soil phosphorus (P) and soil potassium (K) and etc. In order to simplify the comparison of the differences in soil characteristics, an comprehensive quality index (QI value) was used for topsoil layer, while the subsoil properties were analyzed with the single soil physicochemical property. Our results showed significant differences in the effects of loading rates on soil quality and poplar growth. The QI value of topsoil and the poplar aboveground biomass increased along with the hydraulic loading rate increasing between the rates of 3 to 9 cm/week, and reached the maximum at 9 cm/week. When hydraulic loading rate outpaced 9 cm/week, the topsoil QI value and the poplar aboveground biomass growth decreased along with the increased hydraulic loading rate. There existed significant positive correlation between topsoil QI value and the poplar aboveground biomass growth, indicating the topsoil QI value representing soil fertility change. Sewage disposal had little impacts on the subsoil properties as hydraulic loading rate below 9 cm/week but produced harmful effects on subsoil properties as hydraulic loading rate above 9 cm/week. The higher sodium ion contents in topsoil and subsoil were one of the main reasons to the reduction of soil quality and poplar aboveground biomass growth. According to above results, the slow filtering eco-treatment of sewage obviously impacts soil properties and poplar aboveground biomass growth. The soil properties change is significantly correlated with the poplar growth. And the suitable hydraulic loading rate for domestic sewage treatment by poplar land is 6-9 cm/week.
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