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作 者 ：王女杰,刘建,吴大千,高甡,王仁卿*

期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 23期 页码：6646~6653

关键词：生态系统服务价值评价；补偿依据；生态补偿优先级(ECPS)；区域生态补偿；山东省；

Keywords:ecosystem service value assessment, ecological compensation basis, ecological compensation priority sequence(ECPS), regional ecological compensation, Shandong Province,

摘 要 ：区域生态补偿是协调区域发展的重要机制，但区域补偿的依据一直存在争议。综合考虑区域的生态系统服务价值和经济发展水平，提出了生态补偿优先级(ecological compensation priority sequence，ECPS)作为区域间补偿的重要依据。对山东省不同生态区和不同县市的生态系统服务价值和生态补偿优先级进行了计算，从生态区、市和县3个空间尺度分析了山东省开展区域生态补偿的优先领域和补偿机制。结果表明：山东省生态区中处于西部地区的鲁西南平原湖区生态区应优先获得补偿，偏东部的鲁东丘陵生态区和鲁中南山地丘陵生态区应优先支付补偿；在山东省17地级市中菏泽市应优先获得补偿；对青岛、济南、菏泽和东营4个典型市中的各县区进行生态补偿优先级核算，4个城市中补偿优先级最低的均为市区，说明市区是生态系统服务的输入和受益地区，而周围县市的补偿优先级较高，是“生态输出”地区，应该得到区域生态补偿，其中东营河口区补偿优先级最高，为典型的高“生态输出”、经济欠发达的地区，应优先享受区域生态补偿。本研究提出的生态补偿优先级为开展区域生态补偿提供了较为简单可靠的指标，可为山东或其他地区的区域生态补偿提供科学依据。

Abstract:Regional ecological compensation is an important mechanism for balancing and coordinating the development of different regions. Determining the basis of ecological compensation is the key of regional ecological compensation, however, it has always been controversial. There have been regional differences because of economic development, and the poor regions are not willing to be affected by large-scale ecological construction under the pressure of poverty and competition, and therefore regional ecological compensation is difficult to coordinate. Eco-builders are often not beneficiaries of ecological construction, so they therefore tend to lack sufficient motivation. If they can get some economic compensation and financial assistance from the beneficiaries, then they can afford the economic losses and are willing to actively carry out ecological construction. Thus, which region should be compensated is significant for regional ecological compensation. By taking both the ecosystem service value and the economic development level of different regions into consideration, the ecological compensation priority sequence (ECPS), which can quantify the priority level of the ecological compensation, was presented as the basis of regional compensation. As a relatively developed, but uneven development province, Shandong Province of China needs to improve the ecological compensation mechanism for regional sustainable development. In view of that, Shandong Province was taken as an example to verify whether the ECPS is effective. The ecosystem service value and the ECPS of different cities and counties of Shandong Province were calculated, and the priority areas and mechanism of regional ecological compensation in Shandong Province were analyzed at three spatial scales: the ecotope spatial scale, the prefecture-level city spatial scale and the county spatial scale. The results showed that on the ecotope scale, the Lake District in the LuXiNan plain in western Shandong Province should have priority to get compensation, and the LuDong hill area, the LuZhongNan hill and mountainous area in eastern Shandong Province should first provide compensation. On the prefecture-level city scale, among all the 17 cities of Shandong Province, Heze should first get compensation. For the county scale, the ECPS of all the counties in the four typical cities (Qingdao, Jinan, Heze and Dongying) of Shandong Province was calculated. Of the four cities, a common result was that the urban area of a city had the lowest priority level among all the counties of that city, indicating that the urban area benefited from the ecosystem service value of the counties around it and should provide compensation. As a typical area, the Hekou district of Dongying city was high in ecological output but low in economic development. Using our methods, it had the highest priority level and should get the first compensation. As ECPS calculation only requires the regional GDP and non-market services value, other regions can conveniently apply this formula. When conducting regional ecological compensation on the national scale, provincial GDP and non-market services value should be accounted for. This study provides a relatively simple and reliable indicator for deciding the priority area of regional ecological compensation, and could be used as a reference in the study and application of regional ecological compensation of Shandong Province and other areas.

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