作 者 ：王立海*,孙墨珑
期 刊 ：生态学报 2009年 29卷 2期 页码：953~959
Keywords:Xiaoxinganling, dominant trees, ash contents, ash free caloric values, carbon contents,
摘 要 ：对小兴安岭林区15种主要树种（红松、落叶松、鱼鳞云杉、臭冷杉、紫杉、蒙古栎、白桦、枫桦、紫椴、黄檗、水曲柳、胡桃楸、山杨、五角枫和春榆）不同器官的灰分含量、去灰分热值和碳含量进行了研究。采用快速灰化法测定灰分含量，量热法测定热值含量，吸收质量法测定碳含量。15种主要树种不同器官的灰分含量（质量分数）为：树叶0.60%~1.28%；树枝1.00%~298%；树干0.16%~1.22%；树皮2.15%~6.36%。15种主要树种不同器官的灰分含量（质量分数）从高到低依次为树皮、树枝、树叶、树干；不同器官的灰分含量（质量分数）具有显著差异（t检验，p < 0.01）。15种主要树种平均灰分含量（质量分数）从高到低依次为春榆、山杨、蒙古栎、紫椴、黄檗、枫桦、水曲柳、鱼鳞云杉、五角枫、胡桃楸、红松、臭冷杉、紫杉、落叶松、白桦。15种主要树种不同器官的去灰分热值为：树叶20.85~22.85 kJ/g；树枝19.92~21.95 kJ/g；树干19.66~21.98 kJ/g；树皮1858~21.74 kJ/g。15种主要树种不同器官的去灰分热值基本从高到低依次为树叶、树枝、树干、树皮；不同器官的去灰分热值具有显著差异（t检验，p < 0.01）。15种主要树种平均去灰分热值从高到低依次为落叶松、红松、紫杉、鱼鳞云杉、胡桃楸、臭冷杉、山杨、五角枫、白桦、黄檗、水曲柳、紫椴、蒙古栎、枫桦、春榆。15种主要树种不同器官的碳含量（质量分数）为：树叶4311%~45.08%；树枝44.31%~46.06%；树干46.30%~47.46%；树皮44.31%~45.46%。15种主要树种不同器官的去灰分热值基本从高到低依次为树干、树枝、树皮、树叶；不同器官的碳含量（质量分数）具有显著差异（t检验，p < 0.01）。15种主要树种平均碳含量（质量分数）从高到低依次为落叶松、臭冷杉、鱼鳞云杉、红松、黄檗、紫杉、紫椴、山杨、白桦、枫桦、水曲柳、胡桃楸、五角枫、蒙古栎、春榆。针叶树种平均灰分含量普遍低于阔叶树种，平均去灰分热值和平均碳含量普遍高于阔叶树种。
Abstract:Ash contents, ash free caloric values and carbon contents of different organs from fifteen species of dominant trees in Xiaoxing′anling forest region were studied by burned quickly to ashes method, measured caloric values method and absorbed CO2 method respectively. The sampling site was located in the south of Xiaoxing′anling Forest Region (128°47′32″ E, 47°13′10″ N). These fifteen species of dominant trees were Pinus koraiensis, Larix gmelinii, Picea jezoensis, Abies nephrolepis, Taxus cuspidate, Quercus mongolica, Betula platyphylla, Betula costata, Tilia amurensis, Phellodendron amurense, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica, Populus davidiana, Acer mono and Ulmus propinqua. Results showed that ash contents were in the range of 0.60%-1.28% for leaves, 1.00%-2.98% for branch, 0.16%-1.22% for trunk, and 2.15%-6.36% for bark. They decreased in the order of bark, branch, leaves and trunk for all fifteen species of trees, and differences of ash contents were significant among different organs of fifteen species of trees by t test (p < 0.01). Average ash contents of fifteen species of trees decreased in the order of U. propinqua, P. davidiana, Q. mongolica, T. amurensis, P. amurense, B. costata, F. mandshurica, P. jezoensis, A. mono, J. mandshurica, P. koraiensis, A. nephrolepis, T. cuspidate, L. gmelinii and B. platyphylla. Ash free caloric values were in the range of 2085-22.85 kJ/g for leaves, 19.92-21.95 kJ/g for branch, 19.66-21.98 kJ/g for trunk, 18.58-21.74 kJ/g for bark, and decreased in the order of leaves, branch, trunk and bark for fifteen species of trees, and differences of ash free caloric values were significant among different organs of fifteen species of trees by t test (p < 0.01). Average ash free caloric values of fifteen species of trees decreased in the order of L. gmelinii, P. koraiensis, T. cuspidate, P. jezoensis, J. mandshurica, A. nephrolepis, P. davidiana, A. mono, B. platyphylla, P. amurense, F. mandshurica, T. amurensis, Q. mongolica, B. costata and U. propinqua. Carbon contents were in the range of 43.11%-45.08% for leaves, 44.31%-46.06% for branch, 46.30%-47.46% for trunk, 44.31%-45.46% for bark, and decreased in the order of trunk, branch, bark and leaves for fifteen species of trees, and differences of carbon contents were significant among different organs of fifteen species of trees by t test (p < 0.01). Average carbon contents of fifteen species of trees decreased in the order of L. gmelinii, A. nephrolepis, P. jezoensis, P. koraiensis, P. amurense, T. cuspidate, T. amurensis, P. davidiana, B. platyphylla, B. costata, F. mandshurica, J. mandshurica, A. mono, Q. mongolica and U. propinqua. Average ash contents of the conifer trees were lower than the broadleaf trees, and average ash free caloric values and average carbon contents of conifer trees were higher than those of broadleaf trees.
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