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作 者 ：申定健,郑合勋,王淯*,格来,曾国伟,黄艺川,李开俊,唐伦

期 刊 ：生态学报 2009年 29卷 5期 页码：2320~2330

关键词：矮岩羊；斑羚；冬季；生境选择；四川巴塘；

Keywords:dwarf blue sheep, goral, winter, habitat selection, Batang,

摘 要 ：2007年10～12月，在四川省巴塘县竹巴笼自然保护区，采用样线调查法对矮岩羊和斑羚冬季生境进行研究，利用卡方检验和Mann-Whitey U检验分析其生境选择差异。结果表明，矮岩羊对17种生境因子有选择性，倾向选择中等以上避风性，石质或便石质活动基底，灌丛盖度10%～40%、种数>4种、高度>100 cm，草种数>5种、高度<20 cm或>40 cm，坡度>60°的南坡或西坡，隐蔽级<30%或>60%，水源距离>500 m，裸岩距离<2m，林缘距离1000～1 500 m，1级风，海拔高度2 600～2 800 m，人为干扰距离500～1 000 m，动物干扰距离80～150 m的生境。斑羚对15种生境因子有选择性，倾向选择上坡或山脊坡位，灌丛盖度10%～40%、种数>5种、高度>100 cm，草种数4～5种、高度>40 cm，坡度>60°的南坡或东南坡，南风，隐蔽级>60%，林缘距离<1 500 m，海拔高度>2 800 m，水源距离>1 000 m，人为干扰距离>1 000 m，动物干扰距离80～150 m的生境。因子分析表明，影响矮岩羊生境选择的主要因子为人为干扰距离、海拔高度、林缘距离、水源距离、灌丛高度、隐蔽级、风级和动物干扰距离等生境因子，而影响斑羚生境选择的主要因子为人为干扰距离、海拔高度、林缘距离、水源距离、坡位、灌丛盖度、灌丛高度、隐蔽级、坡向和风向生境因子。虽然两物种在资源生态位上存在部分重叠，但在生境选择利用和空间生态位上皆存在很大差异。

Abstract:We set up 10 line transects to investigate habitat selection of dwarf blue sheep and goral at Zhubalong Nature Reserve in Batang of Sichuan Province from October to December, 2007. The chi-square test and Mann-Whitey U test were used to analyze the raw data. Dwarf blue sheep preferred areas with the following attributes: well-sheltered from wind, lithoid or partially lithoid substrates, 10%-40% shrub canopy cover, 5 or more shrub species, tall shrubs (>100 cm), 6 or more herbaceous species, short (<20 cm) or tall (>40 cm) grasses, cliffy (>60°) and sunny slope, low (<30%) or high (>60%) levels of concealment, moderate distance to water source (>500 m), short distance to bare rock (<2 m), moderate distance to forest edge (1000-1500 m), low altitude (2 600-2 800 m), moderate distance to human disturbance (500-1 000 m) and animal disturbance (80-150 m). Goral preferred areas with the following attributes: upper slope or ridge, 10%-40% shrub canopy cover, 6 or more shrub species, tall shrubs (>100 cm), 4-5 herbaceous species, tall grasses (>40 cm), steep (>60°) and sunny slope, moderate distance to water source (>1 000 m), moderate distance to animal disturbance (80-150 m), long distance to human disturbance (>1 000 m), high (>60%) levels of concealment, short distance to forest edge (<1 500 m), high altitude (>2 800 m). The results of factor analysis indicated that habitat selection of dwarf blue sheep was mainly influenced by distance to human disturbance, altitude, distance to forest edge, distance to water source, shrub height, level of concealment, wind speed and distance to animal disturbance. Habitat selection of goral was mainly influenced by distance to human disturbance, altitude, distance to forest edge, distance to water source, slope position, shrub canopy cover, shrub height, level of concealment, slope aspect and wind direction. In conclusion, there was significant difference in habitat selection, habitat utilization and spatial niche between dwarf blue sheep and goral despite the two species’ partially overlapping resource niches．

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