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作 者 ：刘慧慧,薛超波

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 1期 页码：436~444

关键词：滩涂贝类；养殖环境；细菌；

Keywords:interdial shellfish, culture environment, bacteria,

摘 要 ：从贝类养殖滩涂的底泥中共分离到2976株细菌，经鉴定可归于18个属与肠杆菌科的部分属，其中梭状芽孢杆菌属（Clostridium）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、棒状杆菌属（Corynebacterium）、肠杆菌科（Enterobacteriaceae）的部分属、发光杆菌属（Photobacterium）、黄杆菌属（Flavobacterium）和假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）等为优势菌属。统计结果表明，在养殖滩涂的沉积物环境中，异养细菌的菌群组成具有明显的陆源性特点，而且在时空分布上有着较大的差异。在数量分布上，全年异养细菌、反硝化细菌、氨化细菌和硫酸还原菌的数量分别波动在1.62×103～2.00×105cfu/g、1.50×104～5.00×107个/g、9.00×104～9.0×107个/g和9.00×103～4.00×106个/g之间。此外，反硝化细菌、氨化细菌均与异养细菌在数量上呈正相关，而且氨化细菌与异养细菌之间的相关性极其显著，而硫酸还原菌与异养细菌在数量上呈负相关。

Abstract:2976 strains of heterotrophic bacteria, isolated from the rearing shoal, mainly belonged to 18 genera and some genera of Enterobacteriaceae. Clostridium, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Photobacterium, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas and some genera of Enterobacteriaceae were the predominant microflora. The community structure of the heterotrophic bacteria had obvious terrigenous characters and differed greatly in the temporal and spatial distribution. The number of heterotrophic bacteria (HB) ranged from 1.62×103 cfu/g to 2.00×105cfu/g, while the numbers of denitrifying bacteria (DB), ammonifying bacteria (AB) and sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) ranged from 1.50×104 to 5.00×107cell/g, 9.00×104 to 9.0×107cell/g and 9.00×103 to 4.00×106cell/g respectively. Additionally, statistical analysis indicated that the correlation between the amount of HB and DB, AB was positive, furthermore the dependency between HB and AB was very significant. But the correlation between the amount of SRB and HB was negative.

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