Abstract:World-wide urbanization and population expansion result in climatic changes, such as the urban heat island (UHI) effect. In UHIs, elevated temperatures negatively affect human live conditions and may induce deleterious effects on urban ecosystems. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the spatial pattern and characteristics of the UHI in the Special Economical Zone (SEZ) of Shenzhen (Guangdong Province, China). Remote sensing technology and satellite thermal infrared images (band 6 of Landsat EMT+ images, year 2000) were used to estimate the surface radiant temperatures. The spatial distribution and characteristics of the UHI were calculated with the help of three-dimensional fractal analysis (triangular prism method), the spatial autocorrelation method (Moran’ and Geary’s index), and a profile and transect method. Distinct gradients of the temperature were observed from west to east and south to north of Shenzhen SEZ. Several high temperature zones were observed in traffic-related areas, e.g. Shenzhen North Freigh Station and Yantian Port in Yantian. The spatial distribution of the surface radiant temperature in Shenzhen SEZ was strongly affected by the altitude. Distribution and size of the urban vegetation significantly reduced the temperatures. For example, trees in green areas of Yantian showed high efficiency in reducing UHI effects. The obtained data provide the basis to reduce high temperature areas in future urban planning. With increasing resolution of thermal infrared remote sensing data and more precise digital elevation models, we will be able to predict temperatures and local winds in UHIs.