作 者 ：肖复明,范少辉,汪思龙,熊彩云,张池,刘素萍,张剑
期 刊 ：生态学报 2007年 27卷 7期 页码：2794~2801
Keywords:Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, Phyllostachy pubescens plantation, carbon storage, carbon distribution,
摘 要 ：研究比较了湖南会同林区毛竹、杉木人工林生态系统碳含量和碳贮量分配特征，结果表明, 15年生杉木各器官碳含量在47.15%～50.43%之间，不同器官碳含量高低依次为树干、树叶、树皮、树枝、树根；毛竹不同器官碳含量波动在44.51%～4991%，各器官碳含量高低依次为竹鞭、竹枝、 竹叶、竹干、竹蔸、竹根，但是毛竹不同器官碳含量与年龄之间没有明显变化规律。林地土壤3个层次(60cm深)碳素含量为0.746%～2.390%，各层次碳素含量分布不均，表层（0～20cm）土壤碳素含量和碳贮量最高。毛竹、杉木人工林生态系统碳贮量分别为166.34tC•hm-2和150.19tC•hm-2，并且其碳贮量空间分布格局基本一致, 土壤层是主要部分，其次为乔木层，林下植被层和凋落物层所占比例最小。其中，毛竹林土壤层有机碳贮量占83.92%，乔木层占15.38%，林下植被和凋落物层分别占0.38%和0.32%；杉木人工林土壤层碳贮量占62.03%，乔木层占34.99%，林下植被和凋落物层分别占0.70%和2.28%。另外，碳贮量在两个树种各器官中的分配，基本与各自的生物量成正比例关系。从植被年固定碳量来看，毛竹林为9.94 tC•hm-2•a-1，相当于年固定CO2量为36.44 tCO2•hm-2•a-1，是杉木林的1.39倍。
Abstract:Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) and Moso bamboo (Phyllostachy pubescens) are two native and major commercial tree species in South China. Because of their high quality in timber and value in economy, Chinese fir and Moso bamboo have been widely planted in the subtropical area of China. Their distribution area in China are more than 7×106 hm2 for Chinese fir plantation, approximately one fourth of total area of plantation forest in China, and more than 3×106 hm2 for Moso bamboo plantation, accounting for one fifth of the total bamboo forest area in the world. Moso bamboo and Chinese fir plantations are also important for high ecological value in soil preservation, water purification and carbon storage etc.. In order to estimate their carbon storage and its spatial distribution we compared the biomass, carbon concentration between the two plantation based on the survey in their permanent plots. The results showed that the mean carbon concentrations between the two tree species were significantly different, with higher total carbon concentration in Chinese fir than in Moso bamboo. The average carbon concentration in all organs changed in the order of trunk (5043%) > leaf (49.57%) > bark (48.84%) > branch (48.33%) > root (47.89%) for Chinese fir, in the order of sheath (49.91%) > branch (48.46%) > leaf (46.92%) > stem (46.68%) > rhizome (4478%) > root (44.51%) for Moso bamboo. The average carbon concentration in Moso bamboo was not correlated to their age. The carbon concentration of soil to the depth of 60cm ranged from 0.746% to 2.390%, with higher carbon concentration and storage in the soil of 0-20 cm than in the other layer. The total carbon storage of Chinese fir and Moso bamboo plantation ecosystem were 15019 tC•hm-2 and 166.34tC•hm-2 respectively. The spatial distribution pattern of carbon stocks was basically consistent in the order of soil layer > trees layer > shrub and herb and litter layer, with the order of soil (8392%) > trees (1538%) > standing litters (0.38%) > shrub and herb (0.32%) in Moso bamboo plantation forest, and the order of soil (6203%)>trees (34.99%)> standing litters (2.28%) >shrub and herb (0.70%) in Chinese fir plantation. The carbon storage and its allocation among their organs in tree layer were found to be highly correlated with their biomass. Annual carbon fixation of tree layer in Moso bamboo was 9.94tC•hm-2•a-1, amounted to 3644 tCO2•hm-2•a-1, about 139 times as that of Chinese fir plantation.