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作 者 ：姜露, 叶麟, 杨雪, 申光辉, 张志清

期 刊 ：核农学报 2016年 30卷 5期 页码：934-940

关键词：麦麸酯酶；有机磷农药；氨基甲酸酯类农药；敏感性；最低检测限；

Keywords:wheat bran esterase, organophosphorus pesticides, carbamate pesticides, sensitivity, limit of detection,

摘 要 ：为探讨麦麸酯酶在农残快速检测中应用的可行性,通过比色法研究了酶抑制法检测农残时表面活性剂对固蓝B盐显色体系的增敏作用及麦麸酯酶对乐果、敌敌畏、叶蝉联、西维因、丁硫克百威和甲基对硫磷等6种农药的灵敏度和最低检测限。结果表明,阴离子表面活性剂SDS在麦麸酯酶活性测定中具有增敏作用,当浓度为4.0%时可使显色体系相对吸光度值增加152.76%;叶蝉散对麦麸酯酶的最佳抑制时间为40min,其余5种农药均为30min。麦麸酯酶对6种农药的灵敏度大小顺序为:敌敌畏>叶蝉散>西维因>甲基对硫磷>丁硫克百威>乐果,IC₅₀分别为0.136、0.375、0.641、1.366、2.361、2.651mg·L^-1。经溴水氧化的甲基对硫磷对麦麸酯酶的敏感性显著提高,其IC₅₀值达0.089mg·L^-1。综上所述,麦麸酯酶在快速检测有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药方面具有较高的灵敏度,且来源广泛,可满足酶抑制法用酶需要。本研究丰富了麦麸酯酶在农药残留快速检测中的应用。

Abstract:In order to evaluate the possibility of esterase from wheat bran for rapid detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides, sensitization effect of surfactants on the fast blue B salt chromogenic reaction system were determined, and sensitivity and limit of detection of 6 different pesticides detection (dichlorvos, isoprocarb, carbaryl, methyl parathion, carbosulfan and rogor) by wheat bran esterase-α-naphthol-fast blue B salt reaction were measured. The results indicated that the anion surfactant SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfonate) could sensitize the colour reaction, and the absorbance value was increased by 152.76% when the SDS was added as concentration of 4.0%. The most restricted time of isoprocarb on the esterase for was 40 minutes, while other pesticides restricted time were 30 minutes. The sensitivity of wheat bran esterase to 6 different pesticides ranged in order as follow: dichlorvos > isoprocarb > carbaryl >methyl parathion > carbosulfan > rogor, and IC₅₀ value were 0.136, 0.375, 0.641, 1.366, 2.361 and 2.651 mg·L^-1 respectively. The esterase had more sensitivity to the methyl parathion oxidated by bromine, and the IC₅₀ was 0.089 mg·L^-1. In conclusion, the wheat bran esterase has higher sensitivity in the rapid detection of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. And the obtained esterase could meet the requirement for enzyme inhibition rapid detection of pesticides residues. It enriched a foundation for the application of wheat bran esterase in rapid detection of pesticide residues.

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