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作 者 ：李云玲, 田保明, 杨妍, 崔明珠, 郝志达, 位芳

期 刊 ：植物研究 2016年 36卷 3期 页码：354-359

关键词：拟南芥；二倍体；同源四倍体；减数分裂；染色体；

Keywords:Arabidopsis thaliana, diploid, autotetraploid, meiosis, chromosome,

摘 要 ：以拟南芥(Columbia生态型)二倍体(AA,2n=10)为材料,经0.2%秋水仙素处理和细胞学鉴定,成功获得拟南芥同源四倍体(AAAA,2n=20)。以二倍体为对照,通过对拟南芥同源四倍体减数分裂过程染色体行为的观察,以及减数分裂调控同源染色体联会与重组相关基因的定量PCR分析,研究结果表明,与二倍体相比,拟南芥同源四倍体叶片表皮细胞间气孔孔径显著增大,荚果变长,但气孔密度和结实率显著降低;在减数分裂过程中出现部分单价体和三价体,以及二价体和四价体等染色体配对构型;减数分裂期重组相关基因ZYP1表达水平降低,ASY1、DMC1、MRE11和SPO11-1表达水平均升高。因此,我们推断,伴随着多倍体化,与二倍体相比,多倍体植物减数分裂期染色体行为和相关基因表达都有一定改变,影响多倍体植物生殖发育以适应环境。

Abstract:The diploid Arabidopsis thaliana(Columbia-0, 2n=10) was used to obtain autotetraploid plants(2n=20) after 0.2% colchicine treatment and cytological identification. Meiotic chromosome behaviors were comparatively observed in diploid and autotetraploid A.thaliana, and the meiosis-related genes were relatively quantified by Real-time PCR. The autotetraploid A.thaliana produced relatively larger stoma and fruits, but the stomatal density and the seed-set were significantly reduced. Some chromosomal configurations were also observed during meiosis involving the trivalents, univalents, bivalents and quadrivalents in autotetraploid plants. The expression of several meiosis-related genes including ASY1, DMC1, MRE11 and SPO11-1 were up-regulated in autotetraploids. Therefore, as autopolyploidization proceeds, plants may adapt themselves into environment by accompanying with phenotype changes owing to the altered chromosomal behaviors and gene expressions.

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