全 文 :第 23 卷 第 3 期 植 物 研 究 2003年 7 月
Vol.23 No.3 BULLETIN OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH July , 2003
茸毛赤 种子不同发育时期脱水耐性和发芽力的初步研究
杨期和1 , 2 殷寿华1 宋松泉1 夏永梅1 兰芹英1 何惠英1
(1.中科院西双版纳热带植物园种质库 , 勐腊 666303)
(2.中科院华南植物研究所生态中心 , 广州 510650)
摘 要 茸毛赤 种子自花后 30 d发育至 55 d ,发芽率 、发芽指数和活力指数由 0升至最大;含
水量逐渐下降 ,但下降速率不等 ,发育后期存在显著的成熟脱水期。花后 45 d 果实干重接近最
大 ,种子干重在 45 d达到最大 ,种子和果实的发育基本同步 。自然风干 1d后 ,花后 40 ~ 50 d的种
子含水量下降 2%~ 4%。花后 40 d的种子发芽力显著提高 ,花后 45 ~ 50 d的种子无明显变化 ,
继续干燥 ,发芽率 、发芽指数和活力指数均有不同程度的降低 ,而花后 50 d的种子直到含水量低
至 4%后才明显下降;花后 35 d和 55 d的种子经过不同天数干燥后 ,发芽力均下降。不同发育时
期茸毛赤 种子耐脱水力有差别 ,由强至弱依次为花后 50 、45 、55 、40 、35 d 。用半致死含水量可准
确地反映不同发育时期茸毛赤 种子的脱水敏感性的强弱 。
关键词 茸毛赤 ;种子;发芽;发育阶段;脱水耐性
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON GERMINATION CAPACITY AND
DESICCATION-TOLERANCE OF THLADIANTHA CORDIFOLIA VAR.
TOMENTOSA SEEDS VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
YANG Qi-He1 , 2 YIN Shou-Hua1 SONG Song-Quan1
XIA Yong-Mei1 LAN Qin-Ying1 HE Hui-Ying1
(1.Xishuangbanna T ropical Botanical Garden , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Mengla 666303)
(2.South China Insititute of Botany , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510650)
Abstract Seed germinat ion percentage , germination index and vigor index of Thladiantha cordi fo-
lia (Bl.)Cogn.var.tomentosa A.M.Lu et Z.Y.Zhang rose from zero to maximum value follow ing
with the seed developing time from 30 DAA(days af ter anthesis)to 50 DAA.During this period , the
seed MC(moisture content)decreased g radually w ith dif ferent rates.Seed dry weight approached the
maximum value and a significant dehydrating stage appeared at 45 DAA shown that they were in a
phy siological maturing process.When drying the seeds of 40 ~ 50 DAA w ith thei r moisture content
slightly decreased by 2 ~ 4%af ter natural ai r-drying for one day , the germinat ion capacity of seeds at
40 DAA was improved significantly and that of the seeds at 45 ~ 50 DAA had no obvious changes.
The germinat ion percentage , germination index and vigor index decreased to various deg rees w hen
desiccation kept on.However , germination capacity of 50 DAA seeds appeared no significant change
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程项目资助(KSCS2-3-04-05)和中国科学院生物科学与技术研究特别支持费课题“鼎湖山南亚热带报风常绿阔叶林物种多样性的维持机制研究”(STZ97-1-05)。第一作者简介:杨期和(1969—),男 ,博士研究生 ,主要从事种子生理生态方面的研究。收稿日期:2002-03-04
until the moisture content decreased lower than 4%.These results show n that the desiccation-toler-
ance of seeds w ere gradually formed and changed during developing process , an order of desiccat ion-
tolerance from maximum to minimum of Thladiantha cordi folia var.tomentosa seed at different de-
velopmental stages w ere 50 , 45 , 55 , 40 and 35 DAA.The Semilethal moisture content could indicate
desiccation-sensi tivi ty of Thladiantha cordi folia var.tomentosa seed at various developmental
stages.
Key words Thladiantha cordifolia var.tomentosa;seeds;germination;developmental stages;
desiccation-tolerance
2913 期 杨期和等:茸毛赤 种子不同发育时期脱水耐性和发芽力的初步研究
292 植 物 研 究 23 卷
2933 期 杨期和等:茸毛赤 种子不同发育时期脱水耐性和发芽力的初步研究
294 植 物 研 究 23 卷
的。
本研究也表明野外采集种子保存时 ,由于不同
成熟度的种子总与一定的外部特征相联系 ,可根据
种子的形态特征(大小 、形态和颜色等)来估测种子
的成熟度;种子脱水保存之前通常对种子活力进行
检测 ,但本实验结果表明并不是活力最高的种子脱
水耐性就最强 ,花后 55 d 的茸毛种子的发芽力最
高 ,但脱水耐性反而弱于花后 45 ~ 50 d ,种质保存
时如何得到活力高与脱水耐性强的种子仍是一个
需要深入研究的课题 。
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2953 期 杨期和等:茸毛赤 种子不同发育时期脱水耐性和发芽力的初步研究