全 文 ：第 24卷　第 4 期　　　　　　　　　　　　　植　　　物　　　研　　　究 2004 年　10月
Vol.24　No.4　　　　　　　　　　　　BULLETIN OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH Oct., 　2004
作者简介:张树仁(1964—), 男 ,博士 ,副研究员 ,主要从事单子叶植物分类学研究。
收稿日期:2004-06-04
膨囊嵩草(莎草科)的合格发表及其亲缘关系
张树仁
(中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室 , 北京　100093)
摘　要　为了使膨囊嵩草(Kobresia inflata P.C.Li)这一名称成为合格发表 ,指定了保存其主模式
的标本馆。尽管该种常常具有穗状花序和单性小穗 ,被归属于异穗嵩草组(Sect.Hemicarex),但与
该组植物并没有密切的亲缘关系 ,却与黑麦嵩草(K .loliacea Wang et Tang ex P.C.Li)和根茎嵩草
(K .gammiei C.B.Clarke)等更近缘 ,因此应该归属于疏穗嵩草亚属(Subgen.Compositae)。
关键词　膨囊嵩草;合格发表;亲缘关系
Validation of Kobresia inflata P.C.Li (Cyperaceae)
and affinity of the species
ZHANG Shu-Ren
(Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany , Institute of Botany , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing　100093)
Abstract　In order to validate the name Kobresia inflata P.C.Li , the herbarium is indicated in which the
holotype of the name is conserved.Though the species often possesses spicate inflorescence and unisexual
spikelets , and has been placed in Sect.Hemicarex , it has no close affinity with any taxon of the section.The
species is closely related to K .loliacea Wang et Tang ex P.C.Li and K .gammiei C.B.Clarke.There-
fore , K .inflata should belong to Subgen.Compositae.
Key words　Kobresia inflata;validation;affinity
K .inflata was published by P.C.Li in Acta
Botanica Yunnanica 12 (1):16.1990[ 1] .It is a dis-
tinct species in Kobresia , because its habit is recum-
bent , its prophyll utriculiform , larger (ca.8 mm),
nearly coriaceous and shiny , and its rachilla flat , longer
than nutlet and sometimes with a male flower on top.
The species should be recognized , and in fact it has
been widely accepted by Chinese botanists[ 2 ～ 4] .
Unfortunately , the publication of the name Kobresi-
a inflata P.C.Li is invalid , because the author has not
specified the herbarium in which the type is con-
served
[ 1] .This is violating the Article 37.6 of Interna-
tional Code of Botanical Nomenclature (St.Louis Code ,
2000), which indicates “For the name of a new species
or infraspecific taxon published on or after 1 January
1990 of which the type is a specimen or unpublished il-
lustration , the single herbarium or collection or institu-
tion in which the type is conserved must be specified.” [ 5]
During revising the genus Kobresia , the present
author found the holotype of the species is conserved in
the herbarium of Institute of Botany , the Chinese Acade-
my of Sciences(PE).Thus the name K .inflata is val-
idated here by specifying the herbarium that conserves
the holotype of the name.In the proptolog , P.C.Li
described the species precisely and designated the
type[ 1] .It might be only a fault by chance that the
herbarium conserving the type was not specified.
Kobresia inflata P.C.Li in Acta Bot.Yunnan.
12(1):16(1990).Holotype:Ridong , Zayǜ , Xizang
(Tibet), China.Alt.4500 m.26 Sept.1982.Qing-
hai-Xizang Exped.10703(PE !).
Distribution:SW China (NW Yunnan and SE
Xizang).
Habitat and ecology:alpine meadows , alpine
scree , grasslands on slopes;alt.3 600 ～ 4 600 m.
Specimens examined:China.Xizang (西藏):
Zayǜ (察隅), C.W.Wang(王启无)66021(KUN),
Qinghai-Xizang Exped.(青藏队)10703 (PE).Yun-
nan(云南):Düqün (德钦), Alpine Garden Society
Exped.to China (ACE)1534 (E), Qinghai-Xizang
Exped.(青藏队)2392 (PE), S.R.Zhang (张树
仁)274(PE).
Since K .inflata often has spicate inflorescence
and unisexual spikelets , it has been placed in Sect.
Hemicarex
[ 1 ,4] , which is characterized by spicate inflo-
rescence and unisexual spikelets.Because its culms are
recumbent , its prophyll utriculiform , oblong , larger
(ca.8 mm), nearly coriaceous and shiny , its rachilla
flat , longer than nutlet and sometimes with a male flower
on top , the species has no close affinity with any taxon
of the section.The spicate inflorescences might have e-
volved in parallel from paniculate ones , and unisexual
spikelets might also be the result of parallel evolution
from bisexual spikelets;therefore , subdividing Kobresia
only based on characters of inflorescence and spikelet
may result polyphyletic subgenera or sections
[ 6] .The
fact that sometimes K .inflata has branched inflores-
cence and bisexual spikelets is just the evidence of that
from panicle to spike and from bisexual to unisexual
spikelet are continuous evolutionary lines.Overall , K .
inflata is closely related to K .loliacea Wang et Tang
ex P.C.Li and K .gammiei C.B.Clarke , for they
have similar characters of leaf , prophyll , nutlet and
rachilla.K .inflata together with K .loliacea , K .
gammiei and some other species compose the subgenus
Compositae , which is characterized by usually loosely
paniculate inflorescence , utriculate prophyll and promi-
nent rachilla.
Acknowledgements　The author is grateful to the curators of
E , KUN and PE for providing specimens.This study is supported
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
30170073).
Reference
1.Li P C(李沛琼).New taxa of the Cyperaceae from Hengduan-
shan(1).Acta Botanica Yunnanica , 1990 , 12(1):11 ～ 18
2.Dai L K(戴伦凯), Liang S Y(梁松筠), Zhang S R(张树
仁).Cyperaceae.In flora Yunnanica.Beijing:Science Press ,
2003.15:567～ 803
3.Li P C (李沛琼).Kobresia.In vascular plants of Hengduan
Mountains.Beijing:Science Press , 1994.2:2342～ 2353
4.Li P C (李沛琼).Kobresia.In flora Reipublicae Popularis
Sinicae.Beijing:Science Press , 2000.12:1～ 56
5.Greuter W ,McNeill J , Barrie F R, et al.International code of
botanical Nomenclature(Saint Louis Code).Königstein:Koeltz
Scientific Books , 2000
6.Zhang S R.A preliminary revision of the supraspecific classifi-
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the Linnean Society , 2001 , 135:289 ～ 294
4054期　　　　　　　　　　　　张树仁:膨囊嵩草(莎草科)的合格发表及其亲缘关系