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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2010年

关键词：玉米蛋白粉；芽前除草活性；游离氨；

Keywords:corn gluten meal, herbicidal activity, free ammonia,

摘 要 ：通过比较玉米蛋白粉在无菌及带菌条件下的芽前除草活性和玉米蛋白粉培养液在除草活性试验前后游离氨含量的变化,探讨玉米蛋白粉的芽前除草活性机制。结果显示:在带菌条件下,玉米蛋白粉能有效抑制8种植物种子萌发时胚根的生长,当玉米蛋白粉中蛋白质含量为14mg/mL时,供试植物胚根的发育完全被抑制,但无菌条件下玉米蛋白粉的胚根生长抑制活性显著降低,对2种供试植物的胚根生长抑制率均低于34%;除草活性试验前各处理组玉米蛋白粉培养液中的游离氨含量小于0.01mg/L,除草活性试验后,在带菌条件下的玉米蛋白粉培养液游离氨含量显著上升,达到3.78～40.52mg/L,而在无菌条件下则保持不变。这表明玉米蛋白粉的芽前除草活性源于其产生的游离氨对种子萌发的抑制作用。

Abstract:The preemergence herbicidal activity of corn gluten meal (CGM) was evaluated under non-sterile and sterile conditions, the ammonia contents before and after herbicidal activity assay were analyzed as well. CGM efficiently reduced the root growth of 8 germinating plant seeds, and the radicle elongation of all tested plants was entirely suppressed at 14mg/mL CGM treatment. However, lower radicle inhibition rate ( <34%) of CGM was found under sterile condition. The ammonia content in the CGM media increased greatly from very low initial content (≤0.01mg/L) to 3.78-40.52mg/L after the herbicidal test under non-sterile condition while ammonia content did not change under sterile conditions, indicating that the preemergence herbicidal activity of CGM was due to the phytotoxic of ammonia released from CGM by microbial degradation.

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