摘 要 ：采用载玻片萌发法、抑制菌丝生长速率法、组织测定法,结合田间小区试验,系统研究了戊烷脒及其同系物乙烷脒、丙烷脒、丁烷脒对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制活性和田间防治效果。结果表明,各化合物对灰霉病均有一定的抑制活性,其中丙烷脒和丁烷脒对灰霉病的抑制活性较高,二者抑制菌丝生长的EC50分别为0.6821 mg/L和2.1599 mg/L,抑制孢子萌发的EC50分别为2.7510 mg/L和5.7362 mg/L;丙烷脒和丁烷脒对番茄灰霉病有较高的保护和治疗作用;在田间试验条件下,连续2次施药后,以120 g ai/hm2施用剂量防治豇豆灰霉病,丙烷脒和丁烷脒的防治效果分别为78.03％和54.52％,以100 g ai/hm2施用剂量防治草莓灰霉病,防治效果分别为71.97％和68.96％,均优于对照药剂施佳乐(450 g ai/hm2)和速克灵(468.8 g ai/hm2)。丙烷脒和丁烷脒具有开发成为农用杀菌剂的潜力。
Abstract:The fungicide activity of analogs of pentamidine to Botrytis cinerea was determined in vitro (conidial germination and colony diameter on fungicide amended medium) and in vivo.The concentration of 50% inhibition (EC50) of germination were 1.2616 mg/L for betamidine, 2.7510 mg/L for propamidine, 5.7362 mg/L for butamidine, and 2.0767 mg/L for pentamidine. On fungicide amended medium, the EC50 for mycelial growth were 44.7484 mg/L, 2.1599 mg/L, 0.6821 mg/L and 10.3700 mg/L, respectively. The protective and therapy effectiveness had been experimented on cucumber leaf, and the chemicals showed different effectiveness. The propamidine and butamidine were better than others. The results of field experiments showed that propamidine and butamidine had higher control efficacy to the disease than betamidine and pentamidine. The propamidine and butamidine were found effective against disease caused by Botrytis cinerea at dosage of 120 g ai/hm2 to cowpea and 100 g ai/hm2 to strawberry. The results showed that propamidine and butamidine were the potential chemicals to develop novel fungicides.