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作 者 ：张大鹏 姜远茂 彭福田 魏绍冲 葛顺峰 李艳 周恩达

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2012年 18卷 4期 页码：1013-1018

关键词：嘎富苹果；滴灌施氮；15N；吸收；利用；硝态氮含量；

Keywords:Kiazshi apple, fertigation, 15N, absorption, utilization, nitrate content,

摘 要 ：以8年生嘎富苹果/八棱海棠（Malus robusta Rehd）为试材，研究了滴灌施肥下不同滴头数量对其滴施15N-尿素的吸收、分配与利用特性。结果表明：不同滴头数量处理，果实成熟期植株各器官Ndff%差异显著，DF2（两个滴头滴灌施肥处理）各器官Ndff%显著高于DF1（一个滴头滴灌施肥处理）和CK，DF1和CK差异不显著。3个处理均以果实的Ndff %值最高，分别为3.84%、3.14%和3.16%；新梢旺长期和果实膨大期DF2处理果实的Ndff%低于DF1和CK，但在果实成熟期Ndff %超过DF1和CK，DF1和CK 差异不显著。果实成熟期生殖器官分配率最高，营养器官和贮藏器官均较低，处理间差异不显著。DF2处理的15N利用率为38.95%，显著高于DF1（27.68%）和CK（23.69%）。随生长期的推移，各处理间0—20cm和20—40cm土层硝态氮含量变化趋势一致，均呈双峰趋势，峰值分别出现在新梢旺长期和果实膨大期；60—80cm和80—100cm土层硝态氮含量变化趋势也一致，均变化较为平缓，而40—60cm土层硝态氮含量变化差异显著，DF2处理明显高于DF1和CK。

Abstract:The characteristics of absorption, distribution and utilization of 15N-Urea with different numbers of drip irrigation emitters applied to eight –year-old Kiazshi/Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh were studied.The results show that the Ndff% values in plant organs are significantly different at fruit maturity with different numbers of emitters, the Ndff% values with DF2 are significantly higher than those of DF1 and CK. The Ndff% values of fruits in all the three samples ( or in 3 different treatments) are the maxima, 3.84%, 3.14% and 3.16%, respectively, while the fruit Ndff% values at the shoot growing and fruit swelling stage DF2 are lower than those of DF1 and CK. At the fruit maturity stage, the highest distribution (of 15N-Urea) is in reproductive organs and then in vegetative organs and storage organs, and there are not significant differences between the treatments. The utilization of DF2 15N utilization is 38.95%, and is significantly higher than those of DF1 (27.68%) and CK (23.69%). As the growth of the plants, the nitrate contents in the 0-20cm and 20-40cm soil layers show the same bimodal peaks which appear at the shoot growing and fruit swelling stages, and those of the 60-80cm, 80-100cm soil layers also show similar, mild trends. The soil nitrate contents in 40-60cm soil layers are significantly different, and the soil nitrate contents of DF2 are significantly higher than those of DF1 and CK.

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