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作 者 ：范丙全;H.H.Janzen

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 1996年 2卷 4期 页码：305-314

关键词：侵蚀土壤；土壤生产力恢复；有机肥；

摘 要 ：风蚀土壤施用不同有机肥和化肥的作物反应以及土壤生产力恢复效果的试验在温室条件下进行,旨在探讨经济高效恢复风蚀退化土壤的生产力的有机肥种类。结果表明,猪粪、鸡粪、腐熟牛粪对表土完全损失的土壤生产力恢复效果最好;新鲜牛粪的作物产量较低,宜腐熟后施用;苜蓿、兵豆、燕麦青体和麦秸有效磷低,短期内恢复土壤生产力的效果差;磷肥容易被高钙底土固定,效果低于有机肥。鸡粪中磷的有效性高,猪粪供磷多,腐热牛粪供磷稳,而麦秸含有效磷最少。有机肥除了提供丰富的磷素,还有保护其磷素免被土壤固定,促进作物吸收利用的作用。有机肥中的Olsen-P和树脂磷与生物产量相关性极显著,Olsen-P作为有机肥培育土壤的有效磷指标比树脂磷更适用。

Abstract:The effect of organic and inorganic amendments on restoring of productivity in an eroded Dark Brown Chernozemic soil was studied under incubation and chamber conditions at Lethbridge Research Center. Alberta, Canada. The results shows that hug manure, poultry manure and composted cattle manure have the best effects of restoring productivity to eroded soil. Fresh cattle manure got lower yield and it‘s better to apply as a composted status. There was no short-term restoration effects for alfalfa hey, lentil hey, oat green and wheat straw. The restoring effects of organic amendments on productivity were better than phosphorus fertilizer. The availability of phosphorus in poultry manure was greatest among all manures. The amount of available P released by hog manure was highest. The P supply of composted cattle manure was most stable during the experiment. Wheat straw released least available P, so the effect of restoring productivity was lower. The immobilization of phosphorus fertilizer in soil was greater. Organic manure not only supplies enough phosphorus, but also protect its available P from soil fixation and promote plant absorption of phosphorus. The correlation between Olsen-P and Resin-P in manure and plant yield were significant, but the Olsen-P is better than Resin-P as an indicator of soil available P.

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