摘 要：采用“中心板锯割法"结合“应变片法"对人工林尾巨桉原木内部轴向残余应变径向分布进行测试和研究。结果表明：原木内部轴向残余应变径向上分布沿髓心的对称性较好，在靠近树皮处为拉应变，向髓心方向拉应变逐渐减小，到某个树干半径后减为0，随即转变为压应变，向髓心方向压应变逐渐增大，径向分布的回归方程为：y=-21.075x2+4.529 7x+890.75(r=0.87) ，在0.01水平相关性极显著，拉应变向压应变转变的树干半径为0.681R；在不同原木高度上内部轴向残余应变的径向分布模式相似，回归曲线相关性均在0.01水平极显著，但随着原木高度的增加相关性下降；原木直径影响内部轴向残余应变径向分布曲线的变化梯度，直径越小，曲线越陡峭。本研究提出原木直径对内部轴向残余应变径向变化梯度的影响具有一个临界值的观点，原木直径小于这个临界值时，随着直径的减小，内部轴向残余应变径向分布的变化梯度显著增大，对于本研究中的尾巨桉，原木直径的临界值为19.9 cm。
Abstract: Combining diametrical planks and strain gauge method,the radial distribution of ILRS (internal longitudinal residual strain) of Eucalyptus urophylla×E. grandis plantation logs was measured. Results showed that radial distribution of ILRS was symmetrical across the diameter. From the bark to pith,the largest tensile strain was near the bark,to the pith direction,tensile strain absolute value declined and turned zero at certain radius,after that tensile strain changed into compressive strain which presented obvious increasing tendency to the pith direction. The regression equation of radial distribution of ILRS was y=-21.075x2+4.529 7x+890.75,significantly correlated below 0.01 level (correlation coefficient was 0.87). Tree radius of crossover point from tensile strain to compressive strain was 0.618R. Radial distribution pattern of ILRS at different heights was similar,regression curve was significantly correlated below 0.01 level,but the correlation coefficient decreased with log height increasing. Radial distribution changing gradient of ILRS was greatly affected by log diameter; the curve of the smaller tree was much steeper. A new viewpoint was advanced in this study,namely there was a critical value for log stem diameter which had relation to radial distribution changing gradient of ILRS. When log stem diameter is less than the critical value,the gradient of ILRS will augment evidently with log stem diameter decreasing. The critical value is 19.9 cm for Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis plantation wood in this study.
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