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作 者 ：周晓峰 蒋敏元

期 刊 ：林业科学 1999年 35卷 3期 页码：97-102

关键词：可持续林业；森林效益；计量；评价；补偿；

Keywords:Sustainable forestry, Forest benefits, Qualification, Evaluation, Compensation,

摘 要 ：本文提出:(1)自然资源有价论是实现可持续发展的前提。(2)建立完整的可操作的森林生态效益补偿制度是建设可持续林业的基础。(3)引用多年森林生态系统定位研究结果,并参照森林资源调查、水利、气象等部门提供的有关数据,计算出黑龙江省森林各类效益值(有形产品和无形产品的产量),通过等效益物替换和货币置换法进行“产品”的转换和量纲统一,最终得出黑龙江森林总效益值为498.687×108元,占全省(1990～1992)年平均总产值1522×108元的32.7%。在森林总效益中,有形产品(经济)的效益值与无形产品(公益)的效益值的比值为1∶5.83。(4)根据国情、省情计算出森林资源有形产品的年补偿总额为13.79×108元,无形产品的年被偿总额为83.78×108元。然后根据不同的补偿主体,提出不同的补偿方式和份额。

Abstract:We propose that：(1)To price natural resources is the prerequsite for implementing sustainable development．(2)To establish complete operable compensation system for forest ecological benefits is the basis of sustainable forestry．(3)Using long-term measurement of forest ecosystems，together with relative data provided by forest resource inventory，hydraulic and meterorological departments，we estimate the various forest benefit values of Heilongj iang Province，including those for visible and invisible products． Transferring the“products”to currency value using equivalent replacement of beneficial products for currency and standard dimension，the total value is 498.687×10⁸ yuan which takes up 32.7％ of the total annual average provincial production(1522×10⁸ yuan)．In the total forest benefit value，the ratio of visible (economical)to invisible(public benefits)product value is 1:5.83．(4)The total annum compensation value for visible products is calculated，based on national and provincial situations，to be 13.79×10⁸ yuan， and that for invisible 83.78×10⁸ yuan．At last we put forward different compensation approaches and shared value depending on various compensation hosts．

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