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作 者 ：何汉杏 康文星

期 刊 ：林业科学 1997年 33卷 zk2期 页码：124-132

关键词：杉木人工林；动力效应；参数；温度层结；湍流；

Keywords:Chinese fir plantation, Dynamics effects, Parameter, Temperature layer sum, Turbulance stream,

摘 要 ：本文以连续多年的测定数据，应用空气动力学原理详细探讨了小集水区杉木人工林的动力效应及其参数的基本特征。结果表明：杉木人工林零平面位移长度9.52—9.95m；冠层粗糙度2.32—2.53m；冠上表面的混合长度O.274m；冠内O.099m；枝叶阻力系数O.367；冠内风速削减因子1.98；乱流切应力与摩擦速度随冠层深度衰减，各动力参数与气流的运动速度，尤其与温度层结以及林分结构特征的关系极大。杉木人工林由于林冠的存在，枝叶对气流的阻滞作用，使得林冠上表和冠内空间的湍流性质和乱流传输的特征很不相。而且，集水区的湍流形成和发展中，由于区内风速微弱，冠层吸热的热力升腾和重力场的作用占有很重要的位置。

Abstract:Based on the data observed in successive years，the dynamic effects and its parame-ters in a Chinese fir plantation catchment was studied by aerodynamic principles．The re-sults could be presented as follows：the length of zero plane displacement is 9.52—9.95m，the canopy roughness 2.32—2.53m,the mixed length of the upper canopy sur-face 0.274m，the coefficiency of leaf resistance 0.367，the wind delay factor in the canopy 1.98,and the turbulanee force and friction velocity decrease as the depth of the canopy increase．Dynamic parameters have significant correlation with the velocity of airstream which is strongly effected by temperature layer sum and forest structural charaeteris-tics．Owing to the delay of airflow by leave and branches in the canopy，the turbulance and its spread characteristics above the upper canopy are quite different from that within the canopy．In the catchment，heat vapour of the canopy and gravity play an important role in the formation and development of the turbulance stream．

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