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Research of Erosion and Sediment Yield in Earth Road Drainages in Loess Gully Region

黄土高塬沟壑区道路排水沟侵蚀产沙试验



全 文 :!23" !5#
 Vol.23  No.5
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  Sep.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.05.011
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犚犲狊犲犪狉犮犺狅犳犈狉狅狊犻狅狀犪狀犱犛犲犱犻犿犲狀狋犢犻犲犾犱犻狀犈犪狉狋犺犚狅犪犱犇狉犪犻狀犪犵犲狊
犻狀犔狅犲狊狊犌狌犾狔犚犲犵犻狅狀
ZHUBaocai1,2,HUANGPengfei3,WANGWenlong1,4,
SHIQianhua1,BAIYun5,LIYanfu6,LIYaolin7
(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilandErosionandDrylandFarmingontheLoessPlateau,InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,
NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China;2.ForestryColege,ShanxiAgriculturalUniversity,
Taigu,ShanxiProvince030801,China;3.KeyLaboratoryofSoilErosionandPrevention,JiangxiProvince&JiangxiInstituteof
SoilandWaterConservation,Nanchang,JiangxiProvince330029,China;4.InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,ChineseAcademy
ofSciencesandMinistryofWaterResources,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China;5.DepartmentofLifeScience,YulinColege,
Yulin,ShaanxiProvinceprovince719000,China;6.NanjingHydraulicResearchInstitute,Nanjing,JiangsuProvince210029,China;
7.XifengSoilandWaterConservationExperimentalStation,YelowRiverConservancyCommission,Qingyang,GansuProvince745000,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Aseriesofwaterscouringtestsweredoneinearthroaddrainagewithflowdischargesbetween
10L·min-1and50L·min-1andslopegradientsbetween4°and10°intheloessgulyregion.Theresults
showthatthesedimentcontentsandsoilerosionratesofbaresoilsurfaceandvegetationsurfaceincreased
severaltimeswithflowdischargesandslopegradientsincreasing,andtheyareexponentialfunctionofflow
discharge.Atthesametime,thesedimentcontentandsoilerosionratesofbaresoilsurfaceditchare1.3
~1.7,1.4~2.2timesbiggerrespectivelythanthoseofthevegetationsurfaceditch.Theinfluencesof
flowdischargesandslopegradientsonthesedimentcontentinthebaredrainsarealmostthesame.The
sedimentcontentinthevegetationdrainsaremainlyaffectedbywaterflow.Whethernakedorvegetation
drains,theinfluenceofwaterflowonthesoilerosionrateisgreaterthanthoseoftheslope.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:LoessGulyRegion;Waterscouringtests;Roaddrainageditch;Sedimentcontent;Soilero
sionrate
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Table1 Regressiveparametersofsedimentconcentrationinrunoffwithflowdischarge

Slopesgradient/°
¦§ÕK 
Baredrainage
8 ÕK 
Grasseddrainage
犪1 犫1 犚2 犪1 犫1 犚2
4 0.871 0.021 0.922 0.706 0.019 0.934
6 1.190 0.020 0.858 0.878 0.020 0.980
8 1.612 0.023 0.970 1.142 0.020 0.975
10 2.071 0.022 0.863
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Table2 Regressiveparametersofsoildetachmentratewithflowdischarge

Slopesgradient/°
¦§ÕK 
Baredrainage
8 ÕK 
Grasseddrainage
犪2 犫2 犚2 犪2 犫2 犚2
4 0.0763 0.059 0.986 0.0418 0.066 0.980
6 0.0924 0.061 0.986 0.0576 0.064 0.985
8 0.1317 0.063 0.952 0.0847 0.061 0.997
10 0.1647 0.065 0.939
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Table3 Regressiveequationofsedimentconcentration,soildetachmentratewith
flowdischargeandslopegradientunderdifferentdrainagepatterns
^XyQ
Experimental
treatment
78N/
Regression
equations
犚2 犛犻犵.
¬»<78Ap
Standardization
regression
coefficient
犙 θ
78N/
Regression
equations
犚2 犛犻犵.
¬»<78Ap
Standardization
regression
coefficient
犙 θ
¦§ÕK 
Baredrainage
犛狑=0.06犙 +
0.427θ-1.891
0.924<0.01 0.636 0.721
犇r=10-3.223
犙1.564θ1.052
0.984<0.01 0.920 0.373
8 ÕK 
Grasseddrainage
犛狑=0.034犙+
0.225θ-0.671
0.91 <0.01 0.761 0.575
犇r=10-3.24
犙1.57θ0.804
0.979<0.01 0.958 0.246
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