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Effects of Medicago sativa on Soil Nutrients and Microbial Biomass under Different Years in the Arid Area of Northern Weihe River Basin

渭北旱塬区不同年限苜蓿对土壤主要养分及微生物量的影响



全 文 :!23" !6#
 Vol.23  No.6
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ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  11%
  Nov.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.06.009
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:S153.6    [\]^_:A     [`aZ:10070435(2015)06119007
犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪狅狀犛狅犻犾犖狌狋狉犻犲狀狋狊犪狀犱犕犻犮狉狅犫犻犪犾犅犻狅犿犪狊狊
狌狀犱犲狉犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犢犲犪狉狊犻狀狋犺犲犃狉犻犱犃狉犲犪狅犳犖狅狉狋犺犲狉狀犠犲犻犺犲犚犻狏犲狉犅犪狊犻狀
ZHANGBaoquan1,LIHonghong2,MAHu3,CHENGJimin1,2,4,5,
JINJingwei4,5,ZHURenbin1,CHENGGuangqing2
(1.ColegeofNaturalResourcesandEnvironment,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China;
2.ColegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China;
3.RuralenergystationofNingxia,Yinchuan,Ningxia750002,China;4.InstituteofSoilandWater
Conservation,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China;5.InstituteofSoilandWater
Conservation,ChineseAcademyofScienceandMinistryofWaterResources,Yangling,ShaanxiProvince712100,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Thesoilnutrientsandsoilmicrobialbiomassofartificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grasslandsat6,11,
16,21yearswereanalyzedinthearidareaofNorthernWeiheriverbasinwiththenaturegrasslandascon
trol.Theresultsshowedthatplanting犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪couldsignificantlyimprovethesoilquality(犘<
0.05).Thesoilorganiccarbon,totalnitrogen,totalphosphorus,microbialbiomassCandmicrobialbio
massNalincreasedfirstlyandthendecreased,andthehighestpointhappenedatthe11thyear.Thecor
relationanalysesshowedthattherewassomecorrelationbetweenthesoilnutrientsandthemicrobialbio
mass,andtheextentwasdifferent.Theseresultsindicatedthatthemicrobialbiomasswasmoresensitive
tothechangesofsoilqualitythanthesoilnutrients.Therefore,theartificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grassland
neededrationalutilizationandsomehumaninterventionforprolongingtheservicelifeofthegrasslandafter
11yearsinthearidareaofNorthernWeiheriverbasin.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:AridareaofNorthern Weiheriverbasin;Artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grassland;Different
years;Microbialbiomass;Soilquality
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狆犪狆狆狌狊犪犾狋犪犻犮狌狊)¡。
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Table1 Descriptionofsamplingplots
ŽW1
Vegetation
ŽW$
Age/y
3ê^Ð
Altitude/m
ÄÐ
Slope/°
ÄÊ
Aspect
ƒY`? Naturegrassland 10 1154 34 lÄSunnyslope
…¿¦ÓUV`? Artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grassland 6 1154 35 lÄSunnyslope
…¿¦ÓUV`? Artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grassland 11 1159 32 lÄSunnyslope
…¿¦ÓUV`? Artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grassland 16 1164 30 lÄSunnyslope
…¿¦ÓUV`? Artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪grassland 21 1155 31 lÄSunnyslope
1.2.2 ch‰É]ÊË ±uAÍ1、?¥、Ä
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[}?Ÿ¹ù3©u}R,}Rù.>10m,H
2013$8%Í:u},©}Úо0~20e20~40
cm。¢X÷VU|}þjOUŸ,~°¸Ë>¢"
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끩¢ NaOH Œ¦
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[11]。
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¦
[12]。
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(microbialbiomass
carbon,MBC)eAÍÇGGº¦(microbialbi
omassnitrogen,MBN)gY0ÍD›ƒ:
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’û

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k?
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AÍÙzòpº¸0~20cmAB^H20~40cm
AB

”20~40cmAB£¤$ùaê!"(犘
<0.05)。0~20cmABAÍÙzòpº”8.52~
11.67g·kg-1ñù,s^æsg4¾11$、21$、
16$、ƒY`?、6$。20~40cmABÙzòpº
”3.84~8.83g·kg-1ñù,ž=6$、11$、16$
¸!"^HƒY`?
(犘<0.05)。
2.2 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Ö*k?
AÍ=l¦Jwpºç™æUV¼¦e9lé
m

sû2su,£¤G&$lUV…¿`?A
Íë¦pº¸¾0~20cmAB>20~40cmAB,
ý¸!"^HƒY`?
。0~20cmABë¦pº
”0.27~0.42g·kg-1ñù,m6$^,¸ !"^H
ƒY`?
(犘<0.05),s^æsg4¾11$、21$、
16$、6$、ƒY`?。20~40cmABë¦pº”
0.14~0.33g·kg-1ñù,£¤$pº¸!"^
HƒY`?
(犘<0.05),s^æsg4¾16$、11
$
、21$、6$、ƒY`?。
W1 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #gçÂk?
Fig.1 Thesoilorganiccontentofartificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅
狊犪狋犻狏犪underdifferentyears
Ô
:NG,ƒY`?;M6,UV6$;M11,UV11$;
M16,UV16$;M21,UV21$。
£¤3ͱùÈ6¤òAB£¤G&$¦ÓUV
…¿`?aê!"
(犘<0.05),ͤ
Note:NG,naturegrassland;M6,犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪of6years;
M11,犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪of11years;
M16,犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪of16years;
M21,犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪of21years.
Significancedifferencesamongdifferentyearsof
artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪withinthesamesoil
deptharedenotedbydifferentletters
(犘<0.05),thesameasbelow
W2 ()=Ð…Ž
†‡!"¤¥ #Ö*k?
Fig.2 Thetotalnitrogencontentofartificial
犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪underdifferentyears
2.3 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Ö1k
?
sû3su,£¤G&$UV…¿`?ë
2911
!6# ž_¡:K/t–£¤$UVhA͊‹ßx¶ÇGºlém
pº¤}]aS0~20cm>20~40cm。ž=0~
20cmFùY$ù*åæ!"aê,ëpº”
0.49~0.67g·kg-1ñù,s^æsg4¾11$、6
$

ƒY`?
、16$、21$。¢20~40cmAB,m
11$!"^HƒY`?^(犘<0.05),žÒ$ù
¸y!"aê

ýAÍëpº”0.41~0.67
g·kg-1ñù,s^æsg4¾11$、16$、6$、21
$

ƒY`?

W3 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Ö1k?
Fig.3Thetotalphosphoruscontentofartificial
犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪underdifferentyears
2.4 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Š=>
?k?
AÍÇGºblk]Š‹™&vw

Ž
G&

A?Ž¢ˆ›¡%wll°ém

ŽW1
£¤

×Ixˆ

ŽžÓ¡”AÍ=–—¸£
¤

ÑAÍÇGF„bC׺£¤

ŒÌüAÍÇ
Gºb”£¤ŽW1ÍÈaSd(aê
[1316]。
sû4su,âxx¹—,0~20cmABAÍÇG
ºb¸^H20~40cmAB。0~20cmAB=,
m6$^,žÒ¸!"^HƒY`?(犘<0.05),ý
”11$Þpºß^(104.44mg·kg-1),ñ>ÙF
ÍÎ

s^æsg4¾11$、21$、16$、6$、ƒ
Y`?
。20~40cmABF$UV…¿?AƒY
`?ùaê¸å!"Œã
(犘<0.05),ý”21$å
æß^I
(70.09mg·kg-1),s^æsg4¾21
$
、11$、6$、16$、ƒY`?。
2.5 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Š=>
=>?*k?
sû5su,£¤G&$lUV…¿`?AÍ
ÇGº¦¸¾0~20cmAB>20~40cmAB。0
~20cmAB=,£¤G&$UV…¿`?lAÍ
ÇGGº¦¸!"^HƒY`?
(犘<0.05),ý
11$lß^(100.40mg·kg-1),s^æsg4¾11
$
、21$、16$、6$、ƒY`?。20~40cmAB,m
6$^,žÒ¸!"^HƒY`?(犘<0.05),ýß^
pºSa”!11$(44.65mg·kg-1),_s^æs
g4¾11$、21$、16$、ƒY`?、6$。
W4 ()=Ð…Ž†‡
!"¤¥ #Š=>=>?k?
Fig.4 TheSMBCofartificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪
underdifferentyears
W5 ()=Ð…Ž†‡
!"¤¥ #Š=>=>?*k?
Fig.5 TheSMBNofartificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪
underdifferentyears
2.6  #Š=>?d #‰XˑSÇ
M=~x£ÈÉ0~20cmABAÍÇGG
ºbAAÍÇGGº¦]!"vM=

È
2),ë¦AAÍÇGºb,ÇGº¦¶Ùzòb
]!"vM=

Aëpº*å!"M=

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òmAë¦]é!"vM=

Aë]!"vM=
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¦¶ë¦`”!
"‘M=

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。20~40cmABM=~x£úaAÍÇG
GºbAÇGGº¦`”!"vM=

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ÇGºbA
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ÇGGºb¦oyM=~

AÇGº¦AÇ
Gºb¦]!"‘M=

ÙzòbAë¦

ë
`ӎ!"vM=

ë¦AÇGº¦

Ùzòb

ë`”!"vM=

ëAÙzòb]é!"v
M=

Aë¦]!"vM=

AÇGºb

¦y!
"M=~

v2 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Š=>?d #‰X@ËSX„(0~20犮犿)
Table2 Correlationanalysesbetweensoilmicrobialpropertiesandsoilnutrientunderdifferentyearsof
artificial犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪(0~20cm)
R SMBC SMBN Ùzòb Organiccarbon ë¦ Totalnitrogen ë Totalphosphorus SMBC/SMBN
SMBC 1.000 0.846 0.465 0.712 0.385 -0.693
SMBN 1.000 0.479 0.737 0.365 -0.904
Ùzòb
Organiccarbon
1.000 0.899 0.611 -0.392
ë¦
Totalnitrogen
1.000 0.489 -0.665
ë
Totalphosphorus
1.000 -0.276
SMBC/SMBN 1.000
  Ô:ex2È6M=I×åæ!"(犘<0.05)eé!"(犘<0.01)Œã,SMBCeSMBNx2È6ÇGºCeÇGºN,ͤ
Note:andindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe0.05and0.01levels,respectively.SMBCandSMBNmeansoilmicrobialbiomass
CandsoilmicrobialbiomassN,thesameasbelow
v3 ()=Ð…Ž†‡!"¤¥ #Š=>?d #‰X@ËSX„(20~40犮犿)
Table3 Correlationanalysesbetweensoilmicrobialpropertiesandsoilnutrientunderdifferentyearsofartificial
犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪(20~40cm)
R SMBC SMBN Ùzòb Organiccarbon ë¦ Totalnitrogen ë Totalphosphorus SMBC/SMBN
SMBC 1.000 0.535 0.170 0.471 -0.098 0.247
SMBN 1.000 0.382 0.650 0.214 -0.593
Ùzòb Organiccarbon 1.000 0.813 0.729 0.034
ë¦ Totalnitrogen 1.000 0.515 -0.084
ë Totalphosphorus 1.000 -0.081
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