全 文 ：NewSpeciesofMeconopsis(Papaveraceae)fromMianning,
SouthwesternSichuan,China*
YOSHIDAToshio1,SUNHang2,BOUFFORDDavidE.3
(1Hoshiya330灢6,Oamishirasato灢machi,Sambu灢gun,Chiba299灢3222,Japan;2KeyLaboratoryofBiodiversityand
Biogeography,KunmingInstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Kunming650204,China;
3HarvardUniversityHerbaria,22DivinityAvenue,Cambridge,MA02138灢2020,U灡S灡A灡)
Abstract:TwonewspeciesofMeconopsis,M灡pulchelaand M灡heterandraaredescribedandcharacterized.
Differenceswithsimilarspeciesarediscussedandphotosshowingthediagnosticfeaturesareprovided.
Keywords:Meconopsis;M灡pulchela;M灡heterandra;Newspecies;Sichuan
CLCnumber:Q949暋暋暋暋暋暋暋DocumentCode:A暋暋 暋暋暋暋ArticleID:0253灢2700(2010)06灢503灢05
暋 In ActaBotanica Yunnanica29 (3)we
(Yoshidaetal灡,2007)reportedtherediscovery
ofMeconopsiswilsoni C.Grey灢Wilsonsubsp.
wilsoniinMianningXian,SichuanProvince,in
thesummerof2005,nearly100yearsafterit
wasfirstencountered.Additionalresearchinthe
Mianningregionin2009focusingonMeconopsis
revealed two new species for the genus,
M灡pulchelaand M灡heterandra,asdescribed
below.Thetwospeciesgrowsympatricalyona
southwestfacingalpineslopeonaniron灢rich
mountain.Furtherexplorationinthesurround灢
ingareaisneededtodeterminetheirfulrangeof
distribution.Herbariumspecimensareoftennot
sufficientfordeterminingdiagnosticfeatures,
forexample,thenumberandcolorofthepetals
in Meconopsispulchela,whicharequickto
fadeandaresoondeciduous.Theshapeofthe
inflatedfilamentsin M灡heterandracanbediffi灢
culttodetermine,sincetheyareeasilyremoved
andtendtoshrivelindriedspecimens.
MeconopsispulchellaT.Yoshida,H.Sun
&D.E.Boufford,sp.nov.
Type:China,SichuanProvince:NofLam灢
agetouVilage,YeleXiang,MianningXian,4150灢
4300m,4August2009,T.YoshidaK21(Holo灢
type:KUN;isotypeKUN).(Fig灡1:A-D)
Diagnosis:MeconopsiimpeditaePrainaffi灢
nissedfloribusseminutantibus,petalisquater灢
nismagenteisethisbasibusascendentibus,at灢
quefolissemperintegrisdiffert.
MeconopsispulchelaisrelatedtoM灡imped灢
itaPrain(Wuetal灡,1999)butdiffersfromthe
latterinthehalfnoddingflowerposture(nod灢
dingdownwardinthelatter),inpetalnumber
(4,usualy5灢9inthelatter),color(magentaor
reddishpurple,notbluishpurpleasinthelat灢
ter),andbaseofpetalsascending (notsprea灢
dingasinthelatter),andalsointheentireleav灢
es(oftenlobedinthelatter).
Description:Plants monocarpic.Taproot
fusiform,elongate,4灢10cmlongormore,4灢6
mmacrossneargroundlevel.Stemnearlyab灢
sent.Entireplantcovered withstrawcolored
bristles;bristles2灢6mmlong,basesometimes
thickandblackish.Leavesalbasal;petiolelin灢
ear,2灢5cmlong,1灢1灡5mm wide;laminaob灢
long灢lanceolate,rarelyovate,1灡5灢6cmlong,7灢
10mm wide,baseattenuateorrarelyrounded,
marginentire,sometimesrepand,apexacumi灢
云 南 植 物 研 究暋2010,32(6):503~507
ActaBotanicaYunnanica暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋DOI:10灡3724/SP灡J灡1143灡2010灡10105
* Foundationitem:YunnanNaturalScienceFoundation(grantNo.2008CC013)
Receiveddate:2010灢05灢24,Accepteddate:2010灢09灢25
Introductionforauthor:YOSHIDAToshio(1949-)Male,researchfields:GeobotanyinSino灢HimalayanRegion:Meconopsis,
PrimulaandRhododendronintaxonomy
nate,acuteorobtuse,bothsurfacecoveredwith
bristles,lowersurfacewhitishindriedspeci灢
mens.Inflorescencebasal,with3灢6scapesper
individual;scapes 4灢18cm long,1灢1灡5 mm
acrossatflowering,to25cmlongormore,2
mmacrossatfruiting,denselycoveredwithpa灢
tentorsomewhatretrorsebristles,bristlesmost
denseatexpandedapexofscapes.Flowers1per
scape,bowlshaped,2灡5灢5cmacross,halfnod灢
ding;calyx8灢12 mm long,green;petals4,
rarely5or6,magentaorreddishpurple,obo灢
vateorbroadlyobovate,1灡7灢3cmlong,apex
roundedorobtuse;stamens numerous,fila灢
mentsfiliformorlinear,5灢7mmlong,to0灡3
mmwide,similartoordarkerthanpetalsincol灢
or,anthersrounded,1mmlong,thecaepale
Fig灡1暋Meconopsispuchela
A.Floweringplant;B.Fruiting;C.Typespecimenwithflowers;D.Typespecimenwithfruits
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rustybrown;ovaryelipsoid,5灢7 mm long;
style2灢3mmlong;stigma1灢2mmlong,divided
into3or4ovatelobes.Fruitingcapsulesobo灢
void灢oblong,2灢2灡5cmlong,5灢8 mm across,
denselycoveredwithbristles,with3or4longi灢
tudinalribs.
Distribution: China, Sichuan, Mianning
Xian,onlyinthevicinityofthetypelocality:
29曘00曚05曞N,102曘11曚03曞E,4150灢4300m,in
thenorthernportionoftheYele(Lamagetou)
NatureReserve.
Habitat:Rootingdeeplyamongrocksandin
humusaboverocksonsouthwestfacingstonyal灢
pineslopeofametaliferousmountainwhereiron
oreisminedfromseveralpitsaroundthehabitat
ofMeconopsispulchela.
Specimensexamined:T.YoshidaK21(KUN)
Note:Meconopsisimpeditaisgeneralylarger
than M灡pulchelainstature,leaves,flowersand
fruits,and numberofscapes.Thescapes of
M灡impeditaelongatecharacteristicalyinfruitto
morethantwicetheirfloweringlength,butless
thantwicetheirlengthin M灡pulchela.The
scapesusualybendinal directionsfromthe
baseinM灡impedita,butremainerectinM灡pulch灢
ela.Meconopsisimpeditahasentiretopinnately
andirregularlylobedleaves,theshapeofwhichva灢
riesgreatly withinacolonyorevenonasingle
plant;moreover,therearealwayssomeplantswith
lobedleavesineverycolonyasfaraswehaveob灢
servedinnorthwesternYunnanandadjacentTibet.
Meconopsispulchela,however,alwayshasentire
orrepand,neverlobed,leaves.Thebristlesof
M灡impeditaaresomewhatfewer,shorterandwea灢
kerthanthoseofM灡pulchela,withoutathickand
blackishbaseasinthelatter.
ThescapesofM灡impeditabendabruptlyat
afewcentimeterbelowtheflowers,resultingin
noddingflowers.ThescapesofM灡pulchelaare
erect,thereforetheflowersareonlypartialy
nodding.TheflowersofM灡impeditaopeninthe
shapeofapanwiththebaseofthepetalssprea灢
ding,whereasthoseof M灡pulchelaarebowl
shapedwiththebaseofthepetalsascending.
M灡impeditahas5to9petals,whereasM灡pulch灢
elahas4(rarely5or6)petalsperflower.The
petalsofM灡impeditaareusualybluishpurple,
rarelytingedwithredtoappearreddishpurplein
someplantswithinacolony.Thereddishpetals
in M灡impedita,however,areexceptionaland
neverstablenordominantthroughoutacolony
asinM灡pulchela.Theanthers(thecae)areor灢
angein M灡impedita,butpalerustybrownin
M灡pulchela.
MeconopsisheterandraT.Yoshida,H.Sun&
D.E.Boufford,sp.nov.
Type:China,SichuanProvince:NofLam灢
agetouVilage,YeleXiang,MianningXian,4200灢
4450m,4August2009,T.YoshidaK22(Holo灢
type:KUN;isotype:KUN).(Fig灡2:A-D)
Diagnosis:Meconopsirudi(Prain)Prainet
M灡racemosaeMaxim.affinissedadaxialusfila灢
mentisinflatusetintrocurvisdiffert.
Table1暋ComparisonofmajorfeaturesseparatingMeconopsispulchelaandM灡impedita
Meconopsispulchela Meconopsisimpedita
Scapelength
Elongatinginfruittolessthan2times
floweringlength
Elongatinginfruittomorethan2times
floweringlength
Scapeposture Erect Bentatbase
Flowerposture Half灢nodding Noddingdownward
Leaves Entireorrepand
Entire,pinnate,orirregularlylobed;variable
evenwithinanindividual
Bristles More,longer,stronger Fewer,shorter,weaker
Petalnumber 4(rarely5or6) Usualy5灢9
Petalcolor Magentaorreddishpurple Bluishpurple,rarelytingedwithred
Anthercolor Palerustybrown Orange
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Fig灡2暋Meconopsisheterandra暋A.Stamens:a.Innerstamens;b.Outerstamens;
B.Youngplant;C.Flowers;D.Typespecimenwithfruitsandflowers
暋 Meconopsisheterandraissimilarto Meco灢
nopsisrudis(Prain)Prain(1906)andM灡racem灢
osaMaxim.,butdiffersfromtheminitsinflat灢
edandinwardlycurvedinnerfilaments.
Description:Plants monocarpic,12灢20cm
talatflowering,to25cmtalatfruiting.Tap灢
rootelongate,8灢20cmlongormore,4灢8 mm
acrossneargroundlevel,sometimesforkingdis灢
taly.Entireplantcoveredwithpatentspine灢like
hairs;spine灢likehairspalebrownordarkpur灢
ple,to7 mmlong,ratherweak,basesome灢
timesthickandblackish.Stemshort,2灢4mm
acrossatgroundlevel,to5mmacrossinfruit.
Leavescrowded near base of stem,petiole
broadlylinear,2灢6cmlong,2灢4mmwide,lam灢
inarhombic灢eliptictooblanceolate,4灢10cm
long,1灡5灢3灡5cmwide,baseattenuateorcune灢
ate,margincoarselyserratewith2灢4pairsof
teeth,otherwisesinuateorentire,apexacute,
obtuse,orrounded,bothsurfacesglaucousand
coveredwithpatentspine灢likehairs.Inflores灢
cenceracemose,withshortrachis;fewlowest
flowerssubtendedbyleaf灢likebracts.Flowers8灢
12perindividual,halfnodding,3灢7cmacross;
pedicelsascending,5灢12cmlong,to15cmlong
infruit,abruptlyswolento4灢6mmacrossat
baseofcalyx;calyx10灢15mmlong;petals5灢7,
blueorpalepurple,obovate,broadlyobovateor
rounded,2灢3灡5cmlong;stamensnumerous,
filaments7灢10mmlong,similartopetalsincol灢
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ororoccasionalytingedwithpink,dimorphic;
inner filamentsinflated and curvedinward,
0灡5灢1mmacross,thuscoveringovary,outerfil灢
amentsfiliformornarrowlylinear,straight;an灢
thers1灢1灡5mmlong,thecaeorangeordarkpur灢
ple;ovary globoseto ovoid,5灢7 mm long,
denselycoveredwithascendingspine灢likehairs;
style2灢3mmlong,to5mmlonginfruit;stig灢
madividedinto4灢7lobes,lobesstrapshaped,3灢
6mmlong.Fruitingcapsulesglobosetoelip灢
soid,1灢1灡5cmlong,denselycoveredwithspine灢
likehairs.
Distribution:China,Sichuan,MianningXian,
onlyinthevicinityofthetypelocality,29曘00曚
13曞N,102曘11曚19曞E,4200灢4450m,inthenor灢
thernportionoftheYele(Lamagetou)Nature
Reserve.
PlantsonBalangShan,SiguniangShanand
JiajinShaninXiaojinXian,northofthetypelo灢
calityinthesameprovince,andidentifiedas
M灡racemosaor M灡rudisinthepastarepre灢
sumedtobemoreorlessvariants,orhybrids,
of Meconopsisheterandra.Thoseplantshave
mostlyentireleavesandappeartohavefewerin灢
flatedfilamentsthantheplantsatthetypelocal灢
ity.TheplantsonJiajinShan,ametaliferous
mountain,havecuriousdarkpurplepetals.Fur灢
therfieldresearchinandaroundthatarea,and
goodqualityspecimens,especialytoshowthe
stamens,arenecessarybeforetheidentityand
distributionofthoseplantscanbesettled.No
otherplantsofMeconopsiswithsuchremarka灢
bleinflatedfilamentshavebeenobservedinMuli
Xian,thesouthernvicinityofMianning,norin
YunnanProvince.
Habitat:Deeplyrootedamongrocksandin
rockfissuresonsteep,southwestfacingslopes
exposedtomoistcurrentsinsummeronamet灢
aliferousmountaininthevicinityofseveralpits
whereironoreismined.
Specimensexamined:T.YoshidaK22(KUN)
Note:Theinflated,airfiled,innerfila灢
mentsthatcurveinwardtowraparoundtheova灢
ryarediagnosticforMeconopsisheterandraand
quiteuniquenotonlyamongsimilarspecies,but
withinthegenus.Thefilamentsin M灡henrici
Bureau & Franch.aresomewhatsimilar,but
areuniformlydilated(notinflated)inthebasal
half.Inflatedfilamentsin M灡heterandra may
offersomedegreeofprotectiontothedeveloping
ovary.MeconopsisdiscigeraPrainoftheeastern
Himalayagrowsinsimilarhabitatsandalsocov灢
erstheovary,althoughnotwiththestamens,
butwiththeexpandedbaseofthestyle.
Acknowledgement:WethankMr.LiangliangYueforhis
helponmanuscriptmodifyingandediting.
References:
PrainD,1906.AReviewofthegeneraMeconopsisandCathcar灢
tia[J].AnnalsofBotany,20:323—370
WuCY(吴征镒),ChuangH(庄璇),SuZ(苏志云),1999.Pa灢
paveraceae,FloraofChina[M].Beijing:SciencePress,32:
47
YoshidaT,Sun H,BouffordDE,2007. Meconopsiswilsoni
subsp灡wilsoni (Papaveraceae)rediscovered[J].ActaBo灢
tanicaYunnanica(云南植物研究),29(3):286—288
7056期暋暋暋暋YOSHIDAToshioetal灡:NewSpeciesofMeconopsis(Papaveraceae)from Mianning...暋暋暋暋暋