全 文 ：中国兰科植物分类研究杂记*
金效华1,戴正权2,刘清益2,鞠学勇2
(1中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化国家重点实验室,北京暋100093;2重庆南山植物园,重庆暋400065)
摘要:通过野外考察和标本研究,将Gastrochilusfuscopuntuatus和Oberoniapumila分别处理为Gastrochi灢
luspseudodistichus和Oberoniainsularis的异名;将Gastrochilussomai处理为一个独立的种;并报道了中
国兰科4个新记录种:毛唇石豆兰Bulbophylumgyrochilum、独龙石斛Dendrobiumpraecintum、高山阔
蕊兰Peristylussuperanthus和狭瓣大苞兰Sunipiaangustipetala。
关键词:异名;新记录种;兰科;中国
中图分类号:Q949暋暋暋暋 暋暋文献标识码:A暋暋 暋暋暋暋暋文章编号:0253灢2700(2010)04灢331灢03
MiscelaneousTaxonomicNotesonOrchidaceaefromChina
JINXiao灢Hua1,DAIZhen灢Quan2,LIUQing灢Yi2,JUXue灢Yong2
(1StateKeyLaboratoryofSystematicandEvolutionaryBotany,InstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademy
ofSciences,Beijing100093,China;2NanShanBotanticalGarden,Chongqing400065,China)
Abstract:Basedonfieldworkandspecimenexamination,GastrochilusfuscopuntuatusandOberoniapumila
weretreatedassynonymsofGastrochiluspseudodistichusandOberoniainsularisrespectively.Gastrochilus
somaiwasrecognizedasadistinctspecies,differingfrom Gastrochilusjaponicusbythelargerplant,subum灢
belateinflorescence,andslipper灢shapedhypochile.Fourspecies,Bulbophylumgyrochilum,Dendrobium
praecintum,PeristylussuperanthusandSunipiaangustipetala,arerepresentedasnewrecordsfromChina.
Keyswords:China;Orchidaceae;Newrecords;Synonyms
1暋Bulbophyllumgyrochilum Seidenf.inDansk
Bot.Ark.33:80.1979.Type.Thailand.Doi
Sutep,GT3484(C). 毛唇石豆兰
Epiphyticontree;rhizome pendantand
free灢hangingwithrootsatitsbase;rootsterete
runningalongrhizome;pseudobulbsfusiform,1
-2cmspacedalongtherhizome,adpresssed,1
cmlong,0灡3cmindiam.Leafoneofeach
pseudobulbs,lanceolate2灡5-4暳0灡5-0灡6cm,
apexacute.Inflorescencesarisingfrompseudob灢
ulbbase,sub灢umbeliform,1cmlong,shorter
thanpseudobulbs,5灢to8灢flowered,scapeen灢
closedbyinfertilebracts,5 mmlong;fertile
bractslanceolate,4mmlong.Ovaryandpedicel
0灡3cmlong;sepalspaleyelow,lipdeeporange
withwhitemargin,patent;dorsalsepalovate,
concave,acuminate,3灢veined,4-4灡5暳1mm;
lateralsepalsobliqueatbaseintoauricle,fal灢
cate,acuminate,thickened,3灢veined,3 mm
long,2 mm wideatbase;petalsovate,1灢
veined,1暳1 mm;liplingulate,pubescentat
margin,1灡2暳0灡5mm;column0灡5mmlong,
columnfoot1mmlong;stylidsfalcate.Anther
capwithmanyverrucose.
Thisspeciesbelongstosect.Desmosanthes
(Bl.)J.J.Sm.,readilydistinguishedfromitsrel灢
云 南 植 物 研 究暋2010,32(4):331~333
ActaBotanicaYunnanica暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋DOI:10灡3724/SP灡J灡1143灡2010灡09257
* Foundationitems:ThisresearchwassupportedbyagrantoftheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(30600037),andthe
KnowledgeInnovationProgramoftheChineseAcademyofSciences(KSCX2灢YW灢Z灢061)andShanghaiGardenandForestBureau
Receiveddate:2009灢12灢30,Accepteddate:2010灢07灢05
作者简介:金效华 (1975-)男,博士,从事兰科植物分类学研究。E灢mail:xiaohuajin@ibcas灡ac灡cn
ativesbyhavingpendingrhizomewithpseudobulbs
about1cmormoredistant,floralbractslonger
thanpedicelandovary,andlipverystronglyre灢
curvedwithmanystifhairsalongitsedge.
Distribution.Thailand,China.
China.Yunnan(云南),Tengchong (腾冲),
Houqiao(猴桥),1500m,October9,2008,Jin
X.H.(金效华)9387(PE).
2暋Dendrobiumpraecintum Rchb.f.inGard.
Chron.n.s.7:750.1877.Type.Cultivated
plants,localityunknown,W.Herb.No39641
(W). 独龙石斛
暋暋Epiphyticontrunk,slantorsomewhatpendant.
Rootsclustered.Stemupto70cmlong,eventerete,
branchingfromnodesofupperpart,2-3mmindi灢
am.,bearingleavesatupperhalfpart;internodes1灡5
-4cmlong.Leavesupto12,lanceolate,uneven
bilboedatapex,sessile,5-9cmlong,0灡7-1灡2cm
wide.Inflorescencesaxilaryfromleaflesstem,1灢to
4灢flowered,mostly2灢flowered,slender,withseveral
tubularsheathsatbase;bractsovate,smal,2mm
long.Flowerswhite,marginsandveinsflushedwith
pink,lipmiddlelobespottedred;pedicelandovary
about1cmlong;middlesepallanceolate,obtuse,0灡8
cmlong,4mmwide;lateralsepalsweaklyfalcate,
ovate,keeled,1cmlong,4mmwide;petalslanceo灢
late灢ovate,ciliolate,1cmlong,3mmwide;lip3灢
lobed,clawed,1cmlong,8mmwide;laterallobes
narrow,dentate灢like,marginshispid灢fimbriate;
middlelobeoblong,obtuse,marginshispid灢fim灢
briate;3veinsondiscthickenedintofleshy
lines.Columnbroad,columnfoot4-5 mm
long;mentum5-7mmlong.
Thisisaverydistinctspeciesbelongingtosect.
Stuposa,whichischaracterizedbyitsslenderinflo灢
rescencewithfewflowersandtheciliatelip.
Distribution.India,MyanmartoThailand.
China.Yunnan (云南),Nujiang (怒江),
GongshanCounty (贡山),Dulongjiang (独龙
江),1450m,ontrunkinevergreenbroadleaf
forestalongtheDulongjiang River,June28,
2008,DLJ灢ET0659(独龙江考察队)(PE).
3 暋 Gastrochilus pseudodistichus (Lindley)
KuntzeinRevis.Gen.Pl.2:661.1891.
Syn.Gastrochilusfuscopunctatus (Hayata),
Hayata,Icon.Pl.Formosan.6 (Suppl.):78.
1917.———Saccolabiumfuscopunctatum Haya灢
ta,Icon.Pl.Formosan.2:143.1912.Type.
China.Taiwan(台湾),Arisan(阿里山).Jan,
1912.Hayata&Sasaki.s.n.(TI!).
Tsi(1999)statedthatthesetwospecies
differinthestemlengthandtheleafapex.Our
fieldworkandthespecimenexaminationindica灢
tedthedifferencebetweenthemisnotconstant.
4暋GastrochilussomaiHayatainIcon.Pl.For灢
mosan.4:Add.& Corr.1915.Type.China.
Taiwan (台湾),Pinansha.March1913,T.So灢
ma.s.n.(TI!) 美丽盆距兰
GastrochilussomaiHayatawaspreviously
treatedasasynonymofG灡japonicus (Makino)
Schltr.(Tsi,1999;Chenetal灡,2009).Al灢
thoughthesetwoentitiesarecloselyrelated,
however,ourfieldworktogetherwithspecimen
examinationinTIandHASTindicatedthatthey
aretwodistinctspecies.Gastrochilussomaiis
characterizedbyitssubumbelateinflorescence,
slipper灢shapedhypochileandepichilemuchwi灢
derthanhypochile,whileG灡japonicusischarac灢
terizedbyracemoseinflorescence,conicalhy灢
pochile,epichileaswideashypochile.
Distribution.EndemicinTaiwan,China.
5暋Oberoniainsularis HayatainJourn.Col.Sc.
Tokyo.30.Art.1.310.1911.Type.China.Tai灢
wan(台湾).Nokozan,T.Kawakami&U.Mori,
Jan.1907.6728 (TI!).Syn.Oberoniapumila
(FutuyamaexChenS.C.& K.Y.Lang)Orm灢
erod,Taiwania47:242.2002.———Hippeophyl灢
lumpumilaFutuyamaexChenS.C.& K.Y.
Lang,ActaPhytotax.Sin.36:72.1988.
Oberoniainsulariswaspreviouslytreatedas
asynonymofO灡japonica(Chen,1999;Chenet
al灡,2009),however,theexaminationoftypes
ofthesetwospeciesdemonstratedtheyaretwo
233暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋 暋暋暋暋暋暋暋云暋南暋植暋物暋研暋究暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋第32卷
distinctspecies.Oberoniainsularisischaracter灢
izedbyitsdistictrhizome,1-3cmlongstem
with several densely packed leaves, while
O灡japonicaischaracterizedbyits10cmclus灢
teredstemswithsparselyarrangedleaves.Our
fieldwork,togetherwithspecimenexamination
inHAST,PEandTI,andliteraturesurveyin灢
dicatedthatO灡insularisand O灡pumilaarethe
samespeciesandtheformerhasthepriority.
Distribution.EndemicinTaiwan,China.
6暋PeristylussuperanthusJ.J.WoodinKew
Bul.41(4):811.1986.Type.Nepal.Sankhu灢
wasabhadistrict,Sundanada,Grey灢Wilsonetal灡
4104(K). 高山阔蕊兰
Terrestrial.Plant10-15cmtal.Tuber
entire,cylindrical,1-3cmlong,0灡5cmindi灢
am.Stemslender;basalsheathtubular,1灡5cm
long.Leaves1-3,eliptic,obtusetoacute;
lowestleaf2-2灡5cmlong,1灡5cmwide;upper
leavesbecomingsmalerintobractsupwards.
Inflorescence cylindrical,densely with many
flowered;rachis2-3cmlong;floralbractslan灢
ceolate,ciliate,0灡4-0灡7cm long,0灡2cm
wide;flowers noresupinate,white,column
yelow,viscidiumyelow;pedicelandovary0灡4
-0灡6cmlong,twistedabout;dorsaloblong灢el灢
liptictolinear灢lanceolate,obtuse,1灢veined,3
mmlong,0灡8-1mm wide;lateralspealsob灢
long灢eliptictolinear灢lanceolate,1灢veined,3mm
long,1mmwide,obtuse;petalandlipmoreor
lessdeflexed;petalsoblong灢lanceolate,3灡5mm
long,1灡5mm wide;lipoblong灢lanceolate,3灡5
mmlong,0灡8mm wide,fleshy;spurdepress
conical,curvedforward,2 mm wide.Column
conial,1灡5 mmlong.Poliniatwo,visicidium
eliptic.Staminodestwo,eliptic.
Thisisadistinctspecies,characterizedby
itsnoresupinateflowersandsimpleandoblong
lip,whichisratherisolatedinPeristylusandit
maybedeservedaseparateinfragenericstatus.
Distribution.Bhutan,China,India.
China.Yunnan (云南),GongshanCounty
(贡山),3385m,August5,2007,JinX.H.
(金效华)9165(PE).
7暋SunipiaangustipetalaSeidenf.inNat.Hist.
Bul.SiamSoc.28:7.1980.Type.Thailand.
Chiengmai,DoiNangKha,Put3298 (K).
狭瓣大苞兰
Epiphyticontrunkorbranches.Rhizome2mm
indiam.,enclosedbythesheaths.Pseudobulbspear灢
shaped,2-3cmfarawayeachother,1cmlong,1灡5
cmindiam.atbase.Rootswhite,extendingfrom
thenodeswithpseudobulbs.Leaf1,lanceolate,8
cm,1cmwide,obtuse.Inflorescences1-3,arising
fromthebaseofpseudobulb,lowerpartwithseveral
tubularbracts,2-5flowered,10cmlong.Bracts
lanceolate,0灡5-0灡8cmlong.Flowerspaleyelow,
veinspartpalepurple,adaxialpartyelow;lippale
yelowflushedwithpalepink;ovaryandpedicel1cm
long;dorsalsepallanceolate,1灡5cmlong,0灡3cm
wide;lateralsepalslanceolate,1灡5cmlong,0灡25cm
wide;petalslinear,1灡5cmlong,0灡5mmwide;liptri灢
angular,basewithacalus,0灡5cmlong,0灡2cmwide;
column0灡5cmlong,rosteluminsaddle灢shaped;col灢
umnfoot0灡3cmlong;polinia4,intwopairs.
Sunipiaangustipetalaischaracterizedbyits
colorpatternofflowers,linearpetalsandthetrian灢
gularlip,readilydistinguishedfromitsrelative.
Distribution.Thailand,China.
China.Yunnan (云南),Lincang (临沧),
Cangyuan(沧源),NanguanheNaturalReserve
(南滚河自然保护区),1200 m,October14,
2008,JinX.H.(金效华)9432(PE).
Acknowledgements:Wethank Dr.IkedaS.andother
staffsinTIfortheirgreathelpduringJin曚svisitationin
TI,andDr.ChungS.W.forhisgreateffortsduringour
fieldworkinTaiwan.
References:
ChenSC,1999.FloraPopularisReipublicaeSinicaeVol灡18[M].
Beijing:SciencePress
ChenSC,LiuZJ,ZhuGHetal灡,2009.FloraofChinaVol灡25
[M].Beijing:SciencePress
TsiZH,1999.FloraReipublicaePopularisSinicae[M].Beijing:
SciencePress,19:399—420
3333期暋暋暋暋暋JINXiao灢Huaetal.:MiscelaneousTaxonomicNotesonOrchidaceaefromChina暋暋暋暋暋暋暋暋