Abstract:Neomicrocalamus has been published by P.C. Keng in 1983. The same auther transferred it into Racemobambosia 1986. But the Neomicrocalamus is different from Racemobambos, the former has pseudospikelets and the latter has spikelets, and the two genera have different types of inflorecence. Therefore, the two genera are tenable; as to the systematic position, Neomicrocalamus may be placed in tribe Bambuseae While Racemobambos in tribe ArthrostyHdieae (sensu lato).