免费文献传递   相关文献

Viability of 7 kinds of medicinal plant seeds stored in medium-term gene bank of the National Medicinal Plant Gene Bank

国家药用植物种质资源库中期库贮存7种药用植物种子生活力监测



全 文 :2016
y

z À
41
ÁÀ

}
Vol41,No.9 May,2016

gh)(
] 20151120

ijkR
] 
«_

g*Fhij

bkg*le
(2012ZX09304006);
«_bk¾¿ÀÁef
(2012BAI29B02);
«_Ÿ Â:bmleÃ
Ä
(201407005);
ÅÆÇ`ÈÉbkg*le

le?m
] 
WXY

mno

pqrst
,Email:jhwei@impladaccn

?mno
] 
ST

ÊËmno
,Email:yjin@impladaccn
%®,¯°¨±…²>³$}³´µ

±,¯°¨±¶©·¸¹º
ST

&UV

WXY


ü«tbt‚ ƒg„Yt‚ h…†‡mnˆ

ƒg
100193)

pq
] 
Ú^@º`%®,¯°¨±…²>³$}³$íµ

yœ¡¢

ÆÉ

£S¤

¥Â



0¶L

bžLÉ

±
,¯°¨±¶m§ª

¡¢â±¶ù³åÿm§ªœN_OPq56₩·¸œN_

᠟¡¤$}³´4
yÿ

±
,¯°¨œ±¶m§ªÆST

œÆÉ

(¦±¶m§ªST¥V¹+

‚n

±,¯°¨œ±¶m§ªV¹ST

¡¢

¥
Â

bžL±¶ù³åm§ªu‰
,´
\ÿm§ªST¨^u:

£S¤æÝâõœèé

ÆÉ

(¦xm§ªJnSTœ¨
^wþâ¦

«´\—B8FÏÕⱶÙÚ

í©â±¶·¸

B)_E¸rŒÑ_,¯°¨±¶œ´\È!‰Š

q
ˆ`±¶œ¹ºúª#»Dëì


rst
] 
$}³

,¯°¨±¶

©·¸
Viabilityof7kindsofmedicinalplantseedsstoredin
mediumtermgenebankoftheNationalMedicinal
PlantGeneBank
JINYue,YANGChengmin,WEIJianhe
(InstituteofMedicinalPlantDevelopment,ChineseAcademyofMedicalSciences&PekingUnion
MedicalColege,Beijing100193,China)
[Abstract] InordertoevaluateseedviabilityofPlatycodongrandiflorum,Schizonepetatenuifolia,Andrographispaniculat,Codonop
sispilosula,Scutelariabaicalensis,Leonurusjaponicus,Rabdosiarubescens,storedinthemediumtermgenebankoftheNationalMe
dicinalPlantGeneBankfor4years,wetestedseedgerminationrateof7speciesofmedicinalplantandanalyzedthechangeofsignifi
canceoflevelsofthegerminationrateinpreandpoststoreSeedgerminationratesof7speciesofmedicinalplantswerealdecreased
after4years,andthedecreaseofStenuifoliaandSbaicalensisgerminationratesweremuchsmalerthanotherspeciesThehigher
initialgerminationrateofPgrandiflorum,Cpilosula,Rrubescensseedhasthesmalerdeclineofgerminationrate,butthedataof
ApaniculatashowedtheoppositetrendTheratedeclineofthegerminationofStenuifoliaandSbaicalensiswasroughlythesamein
diferentgerminationrateintervalTheresultsshowedthatlowtemperaturestoragecouldefectivelyprolongtheseedlongevity,and
maintaintheseedvigorMoreover,itisnecessarytostudyonthestoragecharacteristicsofthemainmedicinalplantseeds,andestab
lishthemonitoringplanandregenerationstandard
[Keywords] mediumtermgenebank;medicinalplants;viability
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20160904
·2951·
¸ 
«É

%®,¯°¨±…²>³$}³´µ

±,¯°¨±¶©·¸¹º
  
,¯°¨±…²>û%®_©¨¬²>

û$A,?©KmŒ•¶

vÕ}œ^rmʯ

©ÃMĈ_ɘþw†,¯•›­®

›Ù

2
a,¯•›²>œíµ

íª#?©Kʯû$%
A,mŒo¤pqœ_PR

ÓâB8Fíª
‚`œ±…²>

o%ê
2006
y¤23yïâ¼C
%®,¯°¨±…²>³

åå

ê«ù³œ¿©

)Ó,¯°¨±…ã

¬´
,3599
±

ºB±…¡
«
2´ ,
¡^´µ¤$}³#Õ}³

Îϱ…²
>³²³#íµœ†uäuZ

8_Ï¥¦±…`
}‹n¯…¹º

ÂI»wœ´\»Zœ±…#
\`x±…_™»DOn

v,¯°¨±…²>í
ªg‡Ï:°

WååÓۈBô©rŒ±¶©·
¸¹ºg‡

HB¡¢



¾¶

¥ÂÉF=±,ÜϟðÖ«´\S±¶·¸œN_
[15],
wêÂB‰ŠòoïXœCˆ

ÂìZx%$}³
÷ø

v$^=û©`
),´
\Onˆù

¥ž

y

#º`…a†FÉÐÑ

=ûX‘AÄÖx±
,¯°¨±¶´µÈ!

ÓÙ

±•W$}³íµ
œ
24
¬´±…$¯…¹ºÒ´µ



±,¯
°¨Ê
171´
±…Ü#rŒ9:‰Š

¡\«
´µÏ

±,¯°¨±…©·¸œØÙ

ӈ`,
¯°¨±…¹º#»Dëì2ð&ñò

1 
Ü#
,¯°¨Ê

±

Ês
171´
±¶Ü#

Ÿ
1)。
Ÿ
1 171´
,¯°¨±¶‹P
Table1 Informationof171medicinalplantseeds
No
±¼ ´=

¡¢
Platycodongrandiflorum 25

ÆÉ
Schizonepetatenuifolia 49

£S¤
Andrographispaniculata 32

¥Â
Codonopsispilosula 20


Scutelariabaicalensis 26

0¶L
Leonurusjaponicus 5

bžL
Rabdosiarubescens 14
2 
úû
21 
$}³´\÷ø
 
$}³´\œëìûív
±…Ü#íµ
15
yÂf

±¶Æw¯

L²³´
]µp


(-4±1)℃,
âÏ^
(45±
5)%,
Ƀ(±¶Ìr½íµ

22 
m§úû
 
–%p°¨ZW²>¶ó+
(IBPGR)
#
Elis
g·œ´µ±¶©·¸¹ºúû
‹n
[6]。
Óâbc±¶¸7

|´±¶¯†Ó

%
p±¶¶oª“

ª`ëì
[7]
œ[%

Ә¹$½

LHº#

L»¼‡Óm§¯


50¨
±¶
,3
}f

ÞêBgr½Z8m§

¼ómm§÷ø
û

ÆÉ

¡¢

¥Â#bžL±¶=8å‘}
,25


8h,15℃
IG
16h;
£S¤±¶R±
20h,
30℃
©


8h,
IG
16h;
(¦±¶R±
10h,
25℃
©


8h,
IG
16h[8];
0¶LR±
24h,
25℃
©


8h,
IG
16h。
ÆÉ

¥Â


L



£S¤

0¶L

¡¢±¶¡^¤
6,7,7,
7,7,10,14d
©sm§ª

Šýjm‘ƒ0Ô

¥‘
ƒ0Ô

D5bm§

†nä±¶œ=†

  
m§ª
=(
m§Ê}‘ƒ0Ô=

ðò±¶=
)×100%
23 
m§ªSTV¹!@1ñò
 
wêº`á 
õaáBnoۏ

ñò

%p±¶¶oª“


¦óo…anm§òo[þ!œˆ‡u

Ÿ
2)
ä
@1´\œ±¶m§ªû‹ÖÝV¹ST

‹ Ï
mº`ŽÖ¹ºº`Ž…¥žÚˆ‡u

H
¡m§ªˆBÖÝV¹ST

õ…ØŸ¡±¶m§
ªÖÝâV¹ST

Ÿ
2 
¥¦óo…anm§òo[þ!ˆ‡u
Table2 Admissibledeviationofgerminationtestamongdifer
entsamples
No
þÆm§ª
/%
50%
Âf
50%
ÂS
.wˆ‡u
1 98~99 2~3 2
2 95~97 4~6 3
3 91~94 7~10 4
4 85~90 11~16 5
5 77~84 17~24 6
6 60~76 25~41 7
7 51~59 42~50 8
3 
á Ö¡¢
31 7
±,¯°¨±¶¤$}³´4
yÿþÆ
m§ªœV¹!¡¢
 7
±,¯°¨œ±¶¤$}
³´4
yÿm§ªÆÓSTèé

Ÿ
3),
‚$Æ
É

(¦°¨œ±¶m§ªST¥V¹

£S¤

¡
¢É

±°¨œ±¶m§ªV¹ST

‚$¥Â

£


bžL

0¶LST¨^¤
12%~17%。
32 7
±,¯°¨±¶œ¥¦m§ªJnœm§
·3951·
2016
y

z À
41
ÁÀ

}
Vol41,No.9 May,2016
   Ÿ3 m§ªT«œ±¶‚¹ºá 
Table3 Testresultsofseedswithdecreasedgerminaterate
±¼
ù³å
m§ª
/%
¹º
m§ª
/%
m§ª
Ž
m§ªE
V¹!
ÆÉ
  871 822 -22
¥V¹
 

  614 560 -54
¥V¹
 
¡¢
  816 727 -89
V¹ST
¥Â
  858 716 -143
V¹ST
0¶L
860 740 -120
V¹ST
£S¤
740 618 -122
V¹ST
bžL
837 667 -170
V¹ST
ªŽœV¹!¡¢
 
¡¢

¥Â

bžL±¶ù³
åœm§ªu‰
,´
\ÿm§ªST¨^u:

£S
¤æÝâõœèé

ÆÉ

(¦xm§ªJnSTœ
¨^wþâ¦

Ÿ
4)。①¡¢±¶9mm§ªHB
 W
95%
Âf

±¶m§ªST¥V¹

Í9mm
§ªu«œ±¶Œ´\ÿ

m§ªST¨^uw

②Æɱ¶¤xm§ªJnST¨^ÆÓ¥V¹,
Ơ̂©¤ˆ‰Jþ

Ÿ¡Æɱ¶ˆ¾´;③¥
Â

bžL

0¶L±¶¤xm§ªJnœm§ªS
TÆ WV¹Jþ

¥¾´;④£S¤±¶¤ˆ‰
œ

Cm§ªJnæSTV¹

.‰ST
20%
Â
f

.«œ

Cm§ªJnm§ªõÍ­‰

?—û
£S¤±¶µ¤+þ!¿À#©}!¿À
[9]

õa¥¾´\ɛSe«œ
;⑤(¦±¶¤2Cˆ
‰m§ªJnæV¹ST

¤ˆ«œ

Cm§ªJ
nST¥V¹

výóST¨^â¹

Ÿ
4 
¤¥¦m§ªJn8±¶m§ªœ¹º
Table4 Testresultsofseedgerminationrateindiferentgermi
nationrateinterval
m§ª
/%
m§ªŽV¹!
¡¢ ÆÉ ¥Â £S¤ (¦ bžL 0¶L
98~99 -17 -20 - - - - -
95~97 -12 -08-661) -2221) - - -
91~94 -1021)-36-1501) -2061) - - -
85~90 -871) 02-2241) -781) -741) -1341) -1151)
77~84 -1521)-55-1741) -1521) -721) -1901) -831)
60~76 -1111)-31-1301) - -45 -212
51~59 - 23 -  -  -37 - -
42~50 - - - 25 -69 - -
25~41 - - - 73 -  -  - 
  
ë
:1)
m§ªV¹ST
(P<005);-
=ÙJém§ªœ±¶
Ü#

4 
s
@ƒOPS

±¶Œ/œ’“‘}

T«±
¶áJ†
(5% ~7%),
]µê²³´

²ÁîÂÃ
Á$

¤«MÄ$

$}´\^Ó
-4~4℃,
Õ
}´\^Ó
-18℃
œ^

ÄÂíµ

«
´\ÊêÏÕ±¶ÙÚ

í©·¸

qíµ^B±
…œZWêý!

$}³´\œ¡¢



ÆÉ

¥ÂÉ,ܱ¶m§ª¡V‰ê‚¤ðî«ì
ZÉ÷øS±¶m§ª

òk{¡¢±¶¤ð÷
øS´\yC¥ž

y
[4],
õ‰Š$¡¢±¶

yÿþÆm§ªÔÓ
727%,
¥Â? W
716%,
âŸ$´ð´\œ¥Â

m§ªÓ
885%)´

yÿm§ªSTÓ
435%,´

yÂÿØ¥?
10%[5]。
(¦±¶¤ð÷øS¥¾´,¨
yD
±¶½¤<˼´´\êð

yÿm§ª~ST
Ó
107%[5],
(¦±¶¤õ‰Š$m§ªT«¥V
¹

ŸÝֈœ¾´\È!

¤«´\“$

±¶·¸œST

ÅÎÏ¢ÏZWNE

£S¤±
¶Œ´\ÿ

ÅôÔw†@2

Ÿµ‰ 
220%,
õÄÏÆNÒm©¤´\±¶$

8_#Ï¥¾´
\œ±¶rŒùœíµ‰Š

q繺¥¾´
\œ,¯°¨±¶

V—Õ}wíµ,¯°¨±
…²>

}sf

±¶¤ÝP_««$÷øS

Õ}
³

?wíµ
50
yÂf

$}³¤
15

f
[10],
vû±¶¤´\}nœÙچ+YW‡Z›
SœØÙ
[11],
¥¦¨±±¶œ´\ÙÚµ¤
E
[12],
qKÎϱ…´\OnœÏÕ

±¶©·¸
ST

îwê]`

¡m

¹º‰ŠÊ¯œ6Ì

8
_ϳµ±¶‹n`}î¥`}œ»D_™

%p
°¨ZW²>¶ó+
(IBPGR)


¤Õ}³

ù³
Ïmm§ªˆ‰
(95%)
œ±¶
,10
yÿ‹nÀ

}
¹º

$}³Ó

y

¹ºœn}?žòŒŒo`
[13]。
ÏêwZ=¨±
,¨
>?ÂS÷øÿ_‹n
_™»D
:①¨±¶·¸TW85%ÂSîTW9m
m§ªœ
85%;②·±¶=†*FW«ê400¨ ±
¶O

EÅÜÜ-ªm±…Fê
1000
¨±¶O

③¨Ç[±…œ±¶=åFêê«_™Ú¨±3}
º8œ±¶†O
[14]。
,¯°¨Bf¬±…Z

±¶
ZäM¿©

›Ù‡Z,¯°¨±¶ù³Oœm§
ª=û WÙëì

õ^H¹ºâ$}³œ

±ƒ
¯w“œ,¯°¨±¶

‚±¶ù³œÏmm§ª
·4951·
¸ 
«É

%®,¯°¨±…²>³$}³´µ

±,¯°¨±¶©·¸¹º
|^Zw
(37% ~99%),
DψBô©FrŒ©
·¸¹ºœã

¬n´±…

8_¤Èÿœg‡$
E¸rŒÑ_,¯°¨œ¾´!‰Š

V—Ó,¯
°¨±¶·¸¹º#»Dúª2ð?`œÂüñ
ò

 WÕ}w´\,¯°¨±…²>œåœ


uv=w

[1] 
MÉ_

SRÁ



É

¥¦´\úûÏ

±,¯°¨±
¶m§ªœØÙ
[J].
¿2² ‰Š
,2001,16(2):133.
[2] 
!Ê©

$ÌF

S‚Ë

É

¥¦´\úûÏ¡¢±¶©
Ú¸Øٜ9:‰Š
[J].
$%$,-.
,2007,32(14):
1455.
[3] 
ºB¸



±ìÌ

pÜ#Ͼ¶É\±,¯°¨±
¶m§ªœØÙ
[J].
¿2² ‰Š
,2003,18(3):259.
[4] 
ߛ

n¯$,±¶()èÍ
[M].
23

BÇ©Öm÷

1999.
[5] 
ºéE

¥¦´\yC#´\úûϥ±¶m§œØÙ
[J].
È&(ÖvÐ
,2007(11):41.
[6] ElisRH,RobertsEH,WhiteheadJ.Anew,moreeconomic
andaccurateapproachtomonitoringtheviabilityofaccessions
duringstorageinseedbanks[J].PlantGenResNewslet,
1980,41:3.
[7] 
%p±¶¶o*+
.1996
%p±¶¶oª“
[M].
23

$
%ÈÖm÷
,1996.
[8] 
!.F

öÆ

˜HÎ

É

(¦±¶œm§÷ø‰Š
[J].
$%ÝP$,
,2011,13(2):23.
[9] 
²ŸF

²¡

¥¦‘}úûÏ£S¤±¶ÏmØٜ9:
‰Š
[J].
Ê5,þk
,2011(27):371.
[10] RobertsEH.Seedageing:thegenomeanditsexpression[M]//
NoodenLD,LeopoldAC.Senescenceandageinginplants.Salt
LakeCity:AcademicPress,1998:465.
[11] SpechtCE,FreytagU,HammerK,etal.Surveyofseedgerm
inabilityafterlongterm storageintheGaterslebengenebank
(part2)[J].PlantGenResNewslet,1998,115:39.
[12] WaltersC,WheelerLM,GrotenhuisJM.Longevityofseedsin
agenebank:speciescharacteristics[J].SeedsSciRes,2005,
15:1.
[13] IBPGR.Advisorycommiteeonseedstorage:reportofthethird
meeting[M].Rome:IBPGR,1985:85.
[14] 
ß6þ

±…²>«íµ^}Ö()
[M].
23

$%
È&(Öm÷
,1995:177.

xy-0
 
|}~

·5951·