全 文 ：广 西 植 物 Guihaia　Aug．２０１５,３５(４):６１８－６２２　　　　　　　　　　 http://journal．gxzw．gxib．cn　
DOI:１０．１１９３１/guihaia．gxzw２０１４０５０１９
李翠芬,周俊辉,肖志娜,等．甲醛胁迫下四种盆栽植物的生理动态反应[J]．广西植物,２０１５,３５(４):６１８－６２２
LiCF,ZhouJH,XiaoZN,etal．Physiologicaldynamicresponseoffourpottedplantsunderthestressofformaldehyde[J]．Guihaia,２０１５,３５(４):６１８－６２２
Physiologicaldynamicresponseoffourpoted
plantsunderthestressofformaldehyde
LICuiＧFen１,ZHOUJunＧHui２∗,XIAOZhiＧNa２,XUHuiＧLian３
(１．MaomingVocationalandTechnicalCollege,Maoming５２５０００,China;２．ZhongkaiUniversityofAgricultureandEngineering,
Guangzhou５１０２２５,China;３．InternationalNatureFarmingResearchCenterinJapan,Matsumoto３９０Ｇ１４０１,Japan)
Abstract:Thephysiologicaldynamicchangesforthefourspeciesindoorpottedplants,Neotopterisnidus,Dralaena
fragrans,SansevieriatrifasciataandAglaonemacommutatum,werestudiedrespectivelywiththeseindexessuchas
theunitdrymatterofFormaldehyde(FDH)absorption,therelativeelectricconductivity(REC),themalondialdeＧ
hyde(MDA)content,andtheleafchlorophylcontent,underthestressofFDHwiththetreatmentconcentrationof
１５mg􀅰mＧ３．TheresultsindicatedthatinfourdaysofFDHintimidation,theunitdrymatterofFDHabsorptionfor
bothNeotopterisnidusandDralaenafragransreachedtothepeakatthethirdday,whileSansevieriatrifasciataand
Aglaonemacommutatumincreasedslowly．Meanwhile,themostandleastcontentoftheunitdrymatterforFDHabＧ
sorptionwereNeotopterisnidusandDralaenafragransrespectively．TheRECandMDAcontentsforthefourspeＧ
ciesincreasedwiththeraiseofFDHstresstime,thehighestandlowestRECwereNeotopterisnidusandSansevieＧ
riatrifasciatarespectively,thehighestandlowestMDAwereDralaenafragransandNeotopterisnidusrespectiveＧ
ly．TheleafchlorophylcontentforthefourspeciesdecreasedwiththeincreasingofFDHstresstime,thehighestand
lowestdecreasingamplitudewereAglaonemacommutatumandSansevieriatrifasciatarespectively．
Keywords:stressofformaldehyde;pottedplants;physiologicaldynamicresponse
CLCnumber:Q９４５．７８　　Documentcode:A　　ArticleID:１０００Ｇ３１４２(２０１５)０４Ｇ０６１８Ｇ０５
甲醛胁迫下四种盆栽植物的生理动态反应
李翠芬１,周俊辉２∗,肖志娜２,徐会连３
(１．茂名职业技术学院,广东 茂名５２５０００;２．仲恺农业工程学院,广州５１０２２５;
３．日本国际自然农法研究中心,松本 日本３９０Ｇ１４０１)
摘　要:选择巢蕨(Neottopterisnidus)、巴西铁(Dralaenafragrans)、虎尾兰(Sansevieriatrifasciata)和黑美
人(Aglaonemacommutatum)４种室内盆栽植物作为典型的试验材料,以１５mg􀅰mＧ３甲醛分别进行熏蒸处
理,测定单位干物质甲醛的吸收量、相对电导率、丙二醛含量和叶绿素含量等,以研究这些植物在甲醛胁迫下
的生理动态反应.结果表明:在甲醛胁迫的４d时间内,巢蕨和巴西铁的单位干物质甲醛吸收量均在第３天达
到峰值,而黑美人和虎尾兰则一直在缓慢增加,其中以巢蕨吸收的量最多,巴西铁单位干物质甲醛吸收量最
少;４种植物的相对电导率、丙二醛的含量均随甲醛胁迫时间的增加而增加,以巢蕨的相对电导率最高,虎尾
兰最低,但巴西铁的丙二醛的含量最高,巢蕨最低;４种植物的叶绿素含量均随甲醛胁迫时间的增加而降低,
其中黑美人降低幅度最高,虎尾兰最低.
收稿日期:２０１４Ｇ１１Ｇ３０　　修回日期:２０１５Ｇ０４Ｇ０２
基金项目:广州市科技攻关项目(２０１０Y１ＧC７３１)
作者简介:李翠芬(１９６６Ｇ),女,广东茂名人,园林高级工程师,主要从事生态园林研究.
∗通讯作者:周俊辉,博士,教授,主要从事园艺植物栽培生理的教学与研究工作,(EＧmail)junhuizhou＠１６３．com.
关键词:甲醛胁迫;盆栽植物;生理动态反应
　　Sinceformaldehyde(FDH)wasexcessivelyused
inhousingconstruction,reformationanddecoration,
thequalityoftheindoorenvironmenthasbecomea
majorhealthconsiderationinmanycitiesofChina(Yu
etal．,２００５)．FDHexposurehasbeenassociatedwith
cancerofthenasalcavities,nasopharynx,prostate,
lung,andpancreas(Hauptmann,２００４)．Duringthe
pastdecades,muchworkhasbeendonetopurifythe
indoorFDHpolutants,suchasphysicaladsorption,
chemicaladsorption,photocatalyticoxidation,combined
adsorptionandplantsabsorption(Dingetal．,２００３)．
Thefirstresearchforadsorptionpolutantair
withplantswascarriedoutbyNASA (Wolvertonet
al．,１９８５)．Then,manyresearchersfromChinafocused
onselectionandsequenceofplantspeciesthatareefＧ
fectiveinabsorbingFDHfromindoorairinrecent
years,butafewplantsspeciesweretestedcurrently
(Heetal．,２０１４)．Inourpaststudies,６３speciesplants
from７familiessuchasAraceae,Agavaceae,LiliaceＧ
ae,Marantaceae,Euphorbiaceae,MoraceaeandAraliＧ
aceae,andfromPteridophytesweretestedfortheiraＧ
bilitiesofremovingFDHintheairrespectively(Zhou
etal．,２０１１,２０１２;Ouetal．,２０１２)．Verylittlework
hasbeenperformedonthephysiologicaldynamicreacＧ
tionofthepottedplantsundertheFDHstress．ThereＧ
fore,inthispresentstudy,４typicalpottedplantswere
tested,inordertoprovidereferencetotheselectionand
utilizationofplantsforindoorFDHpolutantairpuriＧ
fication．
１　MaterialsandMethods
Fourindoorplantspecies,Neotopterisnidus,
Dralaenafragrans,SansevieriatrifasciataandAglaＧ
onemacommutatumwereusedasexperimentalmateriＧ
als．
１．１Experimentaltreatments
Thetestedpottedplantswereplacedrespectively
inaglassboxchamberwithawal０．８mmthickand
insidevolumeof０．８m３(Wolverton,１９９３)．Asmal
fanandathermometerwereplacedinsidethechamber．
TheprobeofFDHinspector(KeErnuotradingCo．,
Ltd．ofShenzhen)wasinsertedintothechamber
throughaholeof１cmindiameter．Themouthofthe
holewasremovableandfittedwitharubbergasketand
clampstoprovideanairtightseal．TheinitialconcenＧ
trationofFDHwassetupto１５mg􀅰mＧ３．TheexperiＧ
mentaltemperaturewascontroledat(２５±１)℃
(Zhouetal．,２０１１)．Threetreatmentsweredesigned
asbelow:(１)plantpottedinthemediumwasplaced
inthechamberwith１５mg􀅰mＧ３FDH;(２)thepot
withmedium butwithoutplantwasplacedinthe
chamberwith１５mg􀅰mＧ３FDH;(３)thechamberonＧ
lyfiledwith１５mg􀅰mＧ３FDHascontrol．EachtreatＧ
mentwasrepeatedfor３times．
１．２Measurementofleafchlorophyl
Leafchlorophylwasextractedwith９５％ethanol．
Theconcentrationoftheextractedchlorophyl was
measuredat６６５nmand６４９nmwavelengthsbyusing
anUVＧVisspectrophotometer(TUＧ１８１０Model,GenＧ
eralAnalysisInstrumentCo．,Ltd．ofBeijing)(Wang,
２００６)．Concentrationsofchlorophyla(CA),chloroＧ
phylb(CB)andthetotalchlorophyl(CT)werecalＧ
culatedusingtheequationsas:
CA＝１３．７D６６５－５．７６D６４９
CB＝２５．８D６４９－７．６D６６５
CT＝CA＋CB－６．１０D６６５＋２０．０４D６４９
WhereD６６５ andD６４９ weretheopticaldensity
(OD)valuesofchlorophylat６６５nmand６４９nm,reＧ
spectively．
１．３Measurementofleafrelativeelectricconductivity(LC)
Theleafsamplewasrinsed３timeswithdeionized
water,thendrainedthesurfacewaterwithfilterpaper;
２０leafdiscseachin０．５cmdiametertakenwithan
holepuncherwereimmersedin２０mLdeionizedwater
for３hours．Theelectricalconductivity(EC)(recorded
asC１)ofthewateraftertheleafimmersionwasmeasＧ
ured．Theleafsamplewasboiledfor１５minandthe
EC(C２)wasmeasuredagainafterthewatercooled
downtotheroomtemperatureandreplenishedto２０
mLwithdeionizedwater(Huangetal．,１９９０)．
Theleafcel membranepermeability(LC)was
calculatedas:
LC(％)＝１００×(C１/C２)
９１６４期　　　　　　　　　　李翠芬等:甲醛胁迫下四种盆栽植物的生理动态反应
Table１　ChangeofFDHconcentrationperdayinthechamber(mg􀅰mＧ３)
．
Species
Daysafterbeingtreated
１d ２d ３d ４d
Dralaenafragrans １５．００±０ １３．９８±０．０７２ ８．８７±０．０６２ ５．４５±０．０４９
Neottopterisnidus ９．５６±０．２９６ ４．０５±０．０５６ ２．０６±０．０２６ ０．７５±０．０３２
Sansevieriatrifasciata １５．００±０ １３．８３±０．０７１ ９．２３±０．０５２ ４．２９±０．０３６
Aglaonemacommutatum １５．００±０　 １３．８６±０．０７３ １０．９８±０．０６７ ２．５４±０．０６８
CK １５．００±０ １４．１２±０．０２１ １３．５６±０．０３８ ９．５７±０．０５７
１．４MeasurementofMalondialdehyde(MDA)
TheleafsamplecutintopieceswastohomogeniＧ
zeswith１０mL５％ Trichloroaceticacid(TCA)and
fewersilicasand,andthencentrifuged１０minat４０００
r􀅰minＧ１．The２mLsupernatantextractwasshook
wel added with２ mL０．６％ Thiobarbituricacid
(TBA),boiled１０minafterthesmalbubblearosein
thetestedtuber,keptcool,centrifuged１５minat３０００
r􀅰minＧ１,then,thesupernatantextractwasmeasured
at４５０nm,５３２nmand６００nmwavelengthsusingan
UVＧVisspectrophotometer(TUＧ１８１０Model,General
AnalysisInstrumentCo．,Ltd．ofBeijing)(Wang,
２００６)．TheleafMDAcontentwascalculatedas:
C (μmol􀅰LＧ１)＝６．４５(A５３２－A６００)－０．５６A４５０
WhereA５３２,A６００andA４５０weretheopticaldensity
(OD)valuesofMDAat４５０nm,５３２nmand６００nm,
respectively．
MDAcontent(μmol􀅰gＧ１)＝MDAconcentration
(μmol􀅰LＧ１)×extractedvolume(mL)/freshweight
(g)
１．５Othermeasurements
Aftertheexperimentbegan,theFDAconcentraＧ
tioninthechamberwasmeasuredforeveryday．The
freshabovegroundparttakenfromtheplantwas
weighedasfresh mass．Then,thesematerialswere
driedinthemicrowaveovenfordrymassdeterminaＧ
tion(Anetal．,２０１０)．Therelativedatawereanalyzed
withSASS１６．０statisticalanalysissoftware．
２　ResultsandAnalysis
２．１ChangeofFDHconcentrationbyfourpotedplants
TheconcentrationofFDHinthechambershowed
adecreasingchange,thequickestdecreasewasgeneralＧ
lyatthe２nddayandatthe３rdday．AlthoughalspeＧ
ciespottedplantswereefectivepurificationonFDH,
buttherewerediferenceamongthem,alongwiththe
stresstimeofFDH,thefastestabsorptionwasfoundin
Neotopterisnidus,folowedbyAglaonemacommutaＧ
tumandSansevieriatrifasciata,whilethelowestone
wasfoundinDralaenafragrans(Table１)．
２．２AbsorptionofFDHbypotedplants
AsitwasshowninFig．１,４speciespottedplants
alhavetheabilitytopurifyFDHintheair．In４days
stressofFDH,plantswhichhadabsorptionpeakof
FDHatthe３rddaywereNeotopterisnidusandDraＧ
laenafragrans,whileSansevieriatrifasciatahadslowＧ
lyincreasingabsorption,butAglaonemacommutatum
hadquicklyincreasingabsorptionafter３rdday．Among
４speciespottedplants,Neotopterisnidushadthe
highestFDHabsorption,butDralaenafragranshad
thelowestone．
Fig．１　ChangesofFDHabsorptionper
drymatterfromfourspecies
２．３Changesinleafrelativeelectricconductivity(REC)
Thecelmembraneofplantmaybedamagedand
causedincreasingofcelmembranepermeabilityunder
thestressofFDH．Theplantwouldhassmalerdegree
ofchangeofcel membranepermeabilityifthereisa
０２６ 广　西　植　物　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　３５卷
strongerresistancetoFDH．Amongthe４daysstress
ofFDH,Dralaenafragrans,Sansevieriatrifasciata
andAglaonemacommutatumhadnoobviousincreasＧ
ingofREC,butNeotopterisnidushadsignificantinＧ
creasing．Therefor,itwasindictedthatN．niduswas
themostsensitivetoFDHstressingamong４species
pottedplants(Fig．２)．
Fig．２　Changesofleafrelativeelectric
conductivity(REC)fromfourspecies
２．４ChangesinMDAcontent
Asweknow,plantsoftenoccurredmembranelipＧ
idperoxidationwhenbeingsuferedinjuryunderthe
stressconditions,MDAwasjustalipidperoxidation
product,thecontentofMDAwasoftenusedasaninＧ
dicatorofmembranedamage,andcanbedescribedthe
resistantofplanttoFDH．AsitwasshowninFig．３,
among４species,Dralaenafragranshadthehighest
MDAcontentandincreasingchange,butNeotopteris
nidushadthelowestone．
Fig．３　ChangesofMDAcontentfromfourspecies
２．５Changesintotalchlorophylconcentration
Theplantwouldoccurblockingofleafchlorophyl
synthesis,acceleratingdecomposition,andfinalylead
todecreasethecontentofchlorophyl whenitwas
stressed．InfourdaysofFDHstress,alspecieshad
decreasedtheleafchlorophylcontent,andhadthe
maximumreducingatthe１stday．Amongthe４speＧ
cies,Aglaonemacommutatum hadthehighestleaf
chlorophylcontentanddecreasingchange,butSanseＧ
vieriatrifasciatahadthelowestone,thespecieswhich
hadthemaximumdecreasingrateofleafchlorophyl
contentwereNeotopterisnidus(Fig．４)．
Fig．４　Changesoftotalchlorophyl
concentrationfromfourspecies
３　Discussion
Ithasbeendemonstratedthatmanyofindoor
pottedplantscanabsorbmoreorlessFDHairpoluＧ
tantinourearlierresearch(Zhouetal．,２０１１,２０１２;
Ouetal．,２０１２)．ThepurificationofFHDmaybeinＧ
cludedseveralaspects,suchasassimilationbystemor
byleavesofplants,transformationandmetabolismby
celsofplants,degradationbythemicroorganismsin
therhizospherearea(Ralphetal．,２００４),andbythe
others．
Theresultssuggestedthatthere maybethree
waysforpottedplantsresponsetoFDHstress．The
firstwayshowedobvioushurtmorphologywithhigh
absorptionbutweakresistance,suchasNeotopteris
nidus,havingthemostcontentoftheunitdrymatter
forFDHabsorption,andthehighestrelativeelectric
conductivity,andthelowestMDA．Thesecondway
showedweakabsorptionbutstrongresistancewith
１２６４期　　　　　　　　　　李翠芬等:甲醛胁迫下四种盆栽植物的生理动态反应
normalmorphologybytakingavoidancestrategyto
protectitself,suchasDralaenafragrans ,havingthe
leastcontentoftheunitdrymatterforFDHabsorpＧ
tionandthehighestMDA．ThethirdwayshowedabＧ
sorptionandtransformingabilitywithmoreorless
hurtresponses,suchasAglaonemacommutatum,havＧ
ingmoderatedegreeoftheseindexes．Inthisway,
FDHgaseousabsorbedbyChlorophytumcomosum
wasfoundtobeincorporatedintoorganicacids,amino
acids,freesugars,andlipidsaswelascelＧwalcompoＧ
nents(Gieseetal．,１９９４)．Thelight１４Cfrom １４CＧ
FDHmaybeenteredintotheCalvincycleaftertwoＧ
stepoxidationprocessbyFDHdehydrogenaseandby
formatedehydrogenaseto become CO２ and H２O
(Schmitzetal．,２０００)．
Therefore,onlyarethesegroupplantswhichhad
lowerresistancetoFDH wouldhaveabsorbedhigh
contentofhighapplyingvalue．Itstilneedsforfurther
researchonthemechanismsofFDHpurificationwith
pottedplants．
４　Conclusions
TheresultsindicatedthatinfourdaysofFDHinＧ
timidation,themostandleastcontentsoftheunitdry
matterforFDHabsorptionwereNeotopterisnidus
andDralaenafragransrespectively．TherelativeelecＧ
tricconductivity(REC)andmalondialdehyde(MDA)
contentsforthefourspeciesincreasedwiththeraiseof
FDHstresstime,thehighestandlowestRECwere
NeotopterisnidusandSansevieriatrifasciatarespecＧ
tively,thehighestandlowestMDA wereDralaena
fragransandNeotopterisnidusrespectively．Theleaf
chlorophylcontentforthefourspeciesdecreasedwith
theincreasingofFDHstresstime,thefastestandlowＧ
estwidthdegreewereAglaonemacommutatum and
Sansevieriatrifasciatarespectively．
Acknowledgements　Thisprojectwassupported
bytheTechnologyandInformationBureauofGuangＧ
zhou,GuangdongProvince,China．Theauthorsthank
Ms．ZhangWanＧFeng,Ms．WangFei,Ms．HeQinＧQin
andMs．ZouChunＧYanfromZhongkaiUniversityof
AgricultureandEngineering,fortheirgeneroushelp
andtechnicalassistance．
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２２６ 广　西　植　物　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　３５卷