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作 者 ：贺访印,纪永福,杨自辉,方峨天,刘世增,唐进年,李 亚.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 6期 页码：1528-1534

关键词：民勤绿洲；沙产业；技术体系；节水农业；生态产业；水土资源；

Keywords:Minqin Oasis, Deserticulture, Technical system, Water saving agriculture, Ecological industry, Soil and water resources,

摘 要 ：通过水土资源现状的分析评价，发现2005年民勤绿洲粮经草比例为36.94∶45.16∶17.90，与1991年相比，土地利用格局正向粮经草比例优化和农林牧协调方向发展；民勤绿洲土地资源的限制性因素主要为水分、土质、盐碱和肥力；对水资源现状分析发现民勤绿洲年缺水量达3.921 8 亿m³。根据民勤绿洲自然条件和沙产业发展的理论要求，引进并筛选出适宜民勤绿洲边缘栽培的“中苜1号”、“兰热莱恩德”、“苜蓿54”、“德宝”4个紫花苜蓿品种和乌拉尔甘草、中麻黄、沙葱等优良、节水、抗旱的植物种和品种；提出了民勤绿洲边缘土地合理利用和沙产业的发展方向——节水农业和生态产业，主要包括通过合理的林草、林药间作和草田轮作制度，提高水土资源利用率和光能利用率；培育并发展苜蓿、麻黄、甘草、葡萄、马铃薯、棉花、舍饲肉羊等多种形式的荒漠生态产业。通过这些措施的实施，在民勤绿洲及其边缘地区建立“土壤-环境系统，植物-品种系统，节水栽培及产业化发展的技术措施系统”相互耦合的沙产业技术体系，逐步形成粮经草1∶1∶1的土地利用格局，促进民勤绿洲生态经济型沙产业的可持续发展。

Abstract:Investigation and evaluation of soil and water resources in Minqin Oasis indicate that the proportion of grain crop, cash crop and grass is 36.94∶45.16∶17.90 for 2005. And a comparison with that for 1991 indicates that land use structure is developing towards rational proportion of grain crop, cash crop and grass; and harmony among agriculture, stockbreeding and forest. The main limiting factors of land resources are water, soil quality, salinity and fertility, and there is about 3.921 8 × 10⁸m³water deficit per year in Minqin Oasis. Based on the natural conditions and deserticulture theory, some high quality, water saving and drought resistant plant species and varieties are introduced in Minqin Oasis. These include four alfalfa species of “Zhongmu No.1”, “Ranger Lander”, “Barlfa54” and “Derby”;and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Ephedra intermedia and Allium mongolicum. The development aim of land use and deserticulture in Minqin Oasis are advanced as: water saving agriculture and ecological industry to improve utilization of soil, water and light, which in turn involves rational intercropping of forest-grass and forest-herb medicinal plants, grass-crop ration; cultivation and development of alfalfa,G. uralensis, E. intermedia, grape, potato, cotton and home-breed sheep. Implementation of the above measures benefits technological establishment of deserticulture including soil/environment system, plant species/variety system, water saving cultivation and industrialization system, and insures proportion of grain crop, cash crop and grass on 1∶1∶1 basis and furthers sustainable development of ecological deserticulture.

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