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作 者 ：张绪良,谷东起,丰爱平,隋玉柱.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 5期 页码：1127-1133

关键词：莱州湾南岸 滨海湿地 氮；磷吸收 湿地调控 生物地球化学循环；

Keywords:Southern Laizhou Bay, Coastal wetland, N & P absorption, Wetland management, Biogeochemical circulation,

摘 要 ：在莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的生物地球化学循环过程中，N、P元素主要来源于通过河流输入的工业废水、城市生活污水、农田地表径流、灌溉余水和海水养殖池养殖废水，通过潮上带、潮间带湿地最终被输送到潮下带近海湿地，引起潮下带近海湿地水体N、P含量的不断升高，2000年通过河流输入到莱州湾南岸的N总量为46 271.1 t, P总量为2 092.1 t。潮上带、潮间带自然湿地的底质、土壤和植物对N、P元素有显著的吸收、净化作用。以2000年为例，若不考虑自然湿地的吸收、净化作用，仅靠水体交换、扩散稀释，输送到潮下带近海湿地的N、P在海水中的含量为6.74 mg·L^-1、0.299 mg·L^-1，而当年潮下带近海湿地水体N、P含量实测值分别为0.086 mg·L^-1、0.029 mg·L^-1，计算值分别是实测值的78.4倍、10.3倍;说明自然湿地对输入的N、P有明显的吸收净化效应。为降低莱州湾南岸潮下带近海湿地海水中的N、P含量，提出了发展循环经济，减小莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的N、P输入通量，对自然湿地进行有效的保护和生态恢复，建设人工湿地、提高湿地的环境净化功能等调控措施。

Abstract:In biogeochemical circulation in coastal wetlands of southern Laizhou Bay, the main sources of N and P are industrial and municipal domestic wastewater, surface runoff and superfluous irrigation water from farmlands as well as fishery wastewater. N and P are transported into subtidal wetlands through intertidal and supratidal wetlands, which lead to concentrations of inorganic N and P of seawater rise in subtidal wetlands. This study shows that N and P load in coastal wetlands of southern Laizhou Bay are 46 271.1 tons and 2 092.1 tons in of 2000. Through analysis of the processes of biogeochemical circulation in the coastal wetlands of southern Laizhou Bay, it is discovered that natural coastal wetlands absorb and decompose N and P. Observed concentrations of inorganic N and P in seawater of subtidal wetlands for the year of 2000 are respectively 0.086 mg·L^-1and 0.029 mg·L^-1, while theoretical concentrations are 6.74 mg·L^-1and 0.299 mg·L^-1without regard to N and P absorption by intertidal and supratidal wetlands respectively, 78.4 and 10.3 times of observed concentrations,indicating obvious absorbing and purifying effect of natural wetland on input N and P. To decrease the concentration of N and P in the seawaters of southern Laizhou Bay, we need to develope circular economy, decrease the amount of N and P load in coastal wetlands, protect and restore natural wetlands, construct artificial wetlands and enhance purifye functions.

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