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作 者 ：王宇¹;周广胜¹;贾丙瑞¹;那济海²

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2008年 19卷 05期 页码：942-948

摘 要 ：基于中国北方针叶林(兴安落叶松林)分布区8个气象观测站的气象资料，分析了1954—2005年气温和降水的变化特征.结果表明：研究期间，中国北方针叶林分布区的气温以0.38 ℃·(10 a)^-1的速度上升，远大于全球近50年来0.13 ℃·(10 a)^-1的平均增温速率.尽管夏、秋季的气温呈上升趋势，但不显著；而冬、春季的增温显著(P<0.01)；最高年平均气温(0.37 ℃·(10 a)^-1)与最低年平均气温(0.54 ℃·(10 a)^-1)均呈极显著的增加趋势(P<0.01).降水量年际间波动较大，但没有明显的变化趋势；各季节降水量也没有明显的变化规律，其中春、秋、冬季的降水日数有增加趋势，但没有达到显著水平，而夏季的降水日数呈显著减少趋势(P<0.05)；各季降水强度均呈增加趋势，其中夏季(P<0.05)和冬季(P<0.01)的变化达到了显著水平.

Abstract:In this paper, the change characteristics of air temperature and precipitation in Chinese boreal forest (Larix gmelinii) region from 1954 to 2005 were analyzed, based on the data from eight meteorological stations. The results showed that from 1954 to 2005, the mean annual air temperature in the region increased in a rate of 0.38 ℃·(10 a)^-1, being significantly higher than the global average value during recent 50 years (0.13 ℃·(10 a)^-1). The increasing trend of the temperature appeared in all four seasons, but was only significant in winter and spring (P<0.01). Both the maximum and the minimum mean annual temperatures increased significantly (P<0.01), and the increasing rate was about 0.37 ℃·(10 a)^-1 and 0.54 ℃·(10 a)^-1, respectively. The annual precipitation varied obviously among years, but no significant trend was observed at yearly and seasonal scales. Precipitation days increased but not significantly in spring, autumn and winter, while decreased significantly in summer (P<0.05). The precipitation intensity increased in all four seasons, and was only significant in summer (P<0.05) and winter (P<0.01).

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