作 者 ：曹春晖,孙世春,王学魁,刘文岭,梁英*
期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 19期 页码：5280~5288
关键词：米氏凯伦藻；锰浓度；叶绿素荧光参数；叶绿素相对含量；细胞密度；
Keywords:Karenia mikimotoi, manganese concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, relative chlorophyll content, cell density,
摘 要 ：运用实验生态学和叶绿素荧光分析技术，研究了锰浓度(10-12-10-4mol/L)对米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)叶绿素荧光特性及生长的影响。单因子方差分析结果表明：锰对米氏凯伦藻的生长和叶绿素荧光参数(Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ΦPSⅡ, ETR, qP, NPQ)均有显著影响(P<0.05)；米氏凯伦藻的叶绿素相对含量和细胞密度在10-12-10-8 mol/L锰浓度间随着起始锰浓度的增大而增大，在10-8-10-4 mol/L锰浓度间随锰浓度的增大而降低。多重比较结果表明，10-4 mol/L锰浓度组的细胞密度和叶绿素相对含量显著低于其它处理组。锰浓度对荧光参数的影响与锰浓度范围和生长时期有关，当锰浓度为10-12-10-8 mol/L时，荧光参数Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ΦPSⅡ, ETR在第3-9天随着起始锰浓度的增加而升高，Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo在第2-7天随培养时间的延长而增加。qP值在整个培养周期内随锰浓度升高呈下降趋势，各浓度组的NPQ则呈现先下降后上升趋势。相关性分析结果表明，从第3天开始至实验结束，10-4 mol/L浓度组的叶绿素相对含量与细胞密度之间均呈极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)。荧光参数(Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo)、叶绿素相对含量以及细胞密度与锰浓度的相关性则随着锰浓度范围及培养天数的不同而变化。从第4天开始至培养结束，细胞密度、叶绿素相对含量均与锰浓度（10-8-10-4mol/L）呈极显著的负相关(P<0.01)。探讨了叶绿素荧光技术在赤潮藻研究中的应用。
Abstract:Chlorophyll fluorescence is a quick, precise, non-invasive, non-destructive technique which has been widely used in studies of photosynthesis in marine microalgae, particularly for investigations of stress physiology of microalgae. There are several chlorophyll fluorescence parameters which correlate to photosynthetic processes, including the ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), which has been shown to be a sensitive indicator of photosynthetic performance and photoinhibition, the potential activity of PSⅡ (Fv/Fo), the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ in the light (ΦPSⅡ), the electron transport rate (ETR), the photochemical quenching (qP) and the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Several studies have reported that the trace element manganese, which had significant effect on the growth of microalgae, was correlated with the formation of the red tide. Karenia mikimotoi is a common dinoflagellate which could cause harmful algal blooms. In this study, the effects of different manganese concentrations (10-12-10-4 mol/L) on the above fluorescence parameters, cell density and relative chlorophyll content of K. mikimotoi (which obtained from the Microalgae Culture Center, Ocean University of China) were studied by using experimental ecology methods and chlorophyll fluorescence technology. Cultures were grown in sterilized artificial seawater (without manganese) enriched with f/2 medium at (22±1)℃. The salinity was adjusted to 28 by using distilled water, and the light intensity was 5000lx with a 16:08 light dark cycle. One-way analysis of variance showed that manganese had significant effects on the fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo，ΦPSⅡ, ETR, qP and NPQ), cell density and relative chlorophyll content of K. mikimotoi (P<0.05). Under 10-12-10-8 mol/L manganese concentrations, the relative chlorophyll contents and cell densities of K. mikimotoi increased with the increasing manganese concentration, while those under 10-8-10-4 mol/L decreased with the increasing manganese concentration. Multiple comparison tests showed that the relative chlorophyll contents and cell densities under 10-4 mol/L manganese concentration were significantly lower than those in other treatment groups during the entire experimental period. The effect of manganese concentrations on the fluorescence parameters relied on the range of manganese concentrations and the microalgal culture age. Under 10-12-10-8 mol/L manganese concentrations, the parameters Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ΦPSⅡ and ETR increased with the increase of manganese concentrations from day 3 to day 9, while the values of Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo increased with the increasing culture age from day 2 to day 7. The value of qP decreased with the increasing manganese concentration during the entire experimental period. NPQ showed the tendency that decreased first and increased later. The analysis of correlations showed that there were significant positive correlations between relative chlorophyll content and cell density of K. mikimotoi from day 3 to the end of the experiment. Moreover, some fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo), relative chlorophyll content and cell density also showed significant correlations with manganese concentration, the pattern and strength of the correlations varied with manganese concentration and culture age during the entire experimental period. The fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo both showed significant positive correlations with manganese concentrations (10-12-10-8 mol/L) on day 4 and day 5, and the same correlations were found under 10-8-10-4 mol/L from day 3 to day 6. Also, the relative chlorophyll content and cell densities all exhibited significant negative correlations to manganese concentrations (10-8-10-4 mol/L) from day 4 to the end of the experimental period(P<0.01). In addition, the possibility of using chlorophyll fluorescence techniques in studying causative species of red tide was also discussed in this paper.
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