作 者 ：汪冬冬,杨凯*,车越,吕永鹏
期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 13期 页码：3501~3510
Keywords:riparian zone, comprehensive assessment, ANOVA analysis, Suzhou Creek,
摘 要 ：基于河岸带结构初步构建河段尺度的苏州河河岸带综合评价指标体系，选取其干流43个河段为评价单元，结合遥感影像解译与实地调研，构建指标数据库，度量河岸带综合状况指数（Riparian Comprehensive Situation Index，RCSI）；基于ANOVA分析方法阐释RCSI对河段区位及用地类型的响应，并提出河岸带规划设计及改进策略。结果表明：①RCSI分布于3.79-25.03范围内，69.8%河段处于较差和非常差级别；②高于85%河段的滨水带及护岸带状况处于较差和非常差级别，滨水带宽度和护岸类型是其主要影响因素；大于50%河段的近岸带状况处于较差和非常差级别，不透水面积率和设施丰富度是其关键限制因子；③人类活动强度、城市化进程等原因导致RCSI以及多数指标在不同区位和不同用地类型中存在显著差异，而滨水带宽度、护岸坡度、侵蚀程度、α多样性指数和纵向连通性等方面无显著性差异。
Abstract:Natural characteristics of riparian zones in China are under destruction and degradation because of urbanization, and this brings a series of environmental problems. Riparian comprehensive assessment is the significant component of riparian zone remediation planning and sustainable management. Reach scale as the smallest scale of riparian comprehensive assessment study has the uniform functional characteristics and homogeneous advantage. Therefore, reach-scale riparian comprehensive assessment is more maneuverable and unified in comprehensive assessment and comparative analysis. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the current situation of riparian zone and make a comparative analysis among multi-factors in different dimensions. Thus, a method based on riparian comprehensive situation index (RCSI) was proposed for the reach-scale riparian comprehensive assessment. The proposed method included 5 steps. Firstly, listing indexes relevant to riparian zone from the correlated studies; moreover, developing the reach-scale riparian comprehensive assessment index system, and the system, including 4 first-grade indexes and 23 second-grade indexes, is based on horizontal structure of riparian zone (including waterfront zone, revetment zone, buffer zone and nearshore zone) and principles of index selection; furthermore, establishing standards for assessing sub-factors according to field characteristics and experts preferences; fourthly, weighting the indexes and ranking the comprehensive situation of riparian zone to 5 grades (best, better, common, worse and worst) by RCSI; finally, putting forward strategies for adaptive riparian planning and management. A case study implementing the method was performed on riparian zones of Suzhou Creek in Shanghai, whose natural characteristics are under signi?cant destruction and degradation due to rapid urbanization. 43 reaches were selected as the assessment units on the main stream of Suzhou Creek. The results show that: (i) The riparian comprehensive situation of Suzhou Creek is in the “poor” grade with RCSI distributing from 3.79 to 25.03, and no reach is in the “best” grade, and 69.8% reaches belongs to “worse” or “worst” grade; (ii) River channelization and revetment hardening of Suzhou Creek result in more than 85% reaches of the waterfront and revetment zone status belonging to “worse” or “worst” grade, the width of waterfront zone and type of revetment are the key factors to the grade; (iii) Though 72.1% reaches of the buffer zone status belongs to “common” or “better”, irrational vegetation structure and single species problems are still remained; (iv) Rapid urbanization makes more than 50% reaches of the nearshore zone status belonging to “worse” or “worst” grade, and impervious area ratio and facilities richness degree are the crucial factors to the grade; (v) The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) reveal that human activity intensity and urbanization are the key forces to cause RCSI and most of other indexes having significant differences in reach location and land use types, while waterfront zone width, revetment slope, erosion degree, α diversity index and longitudinal connectivity have no significant differences; (vi) The results of case study suggest that the proposed method can be used to carry efficiently out the reach-scale riparian comprehensive assessment. What′s more, the results of case study may help local authorities better understand the comprehensive situation of riparian zone, and put forward improved strategies for sustainable riparian planning and adaptive management which can better balance riparian development and ecological conservation.
全 文 ：