作 者 ：马炜,孙玉军*,郭孝玉,巨文珍,穆景森
期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 17期 页码：4659~4667
Keywords:Larix olgensis, plantation, stand age, biomass, carbon storage,
摘 要 ：基于7—41a长白落叶松人工林样地生物量调查，探讨了不同发育阶段长白落叶松人工林碳储量的时空变化规律。结果表明：随林龄的增大，长白落叶松人工林林木和各器官生物量增加，树干所占比例增加，生物量转换因子(BEF)、根茎比(R)等参数分布正常。林下植被层、倒落木质物层生物量随林龄增大呈增加趋势。群落总碳储量的空间分布序列是：乔木层>倒落木质物层>林下植被层。未成林期、幼龄林、中龄林、近熟林和成熟林群落的碳储分别为6.585、66.934、90019、125.103、162.683 t?hm-2，乔木层碳储量分别为3.254、58.521、78.086、108.02、138.096 t?hm-2，倒落木质物层和林下植被层碳储量平均值分别为10859、1.988 t?hm-2。乔木层、倒落木质物层和林下植被层碳储量占总量的平均比率分别为85.99%、2.17%和11.85%。在不同发育阶段群落和乔木层碳储量的年生产力呈先降后升的变化趋势，中龄林的碳储量累积速率高于幼龄林及成熟林，碳素年固定量分别为0940、3.889、3.615、3.628、3.968 t?hm-2，乔木层年生产力分别为0465、3.39、3.137、3.133、3.368 t?hm-2。林下植被层年生产力呈“U”形变化，平均值为0079 t?hm-2。倒落木质物层的年生产力呈线性增长，平均值为0423 t?hm-2。研究认为长白落叶松人工林群落碳储量随林龄增加的变化规律明显，碳汇潜力巨大。
Abstract:Forest carbon storage usually increases with stand age. Most studies focus on the carbon storage of arbor layer, however there are few in-depth studies on the allocations for different layers of community varying with stand age. In this paper, biomass has been estimated and carbon storage and immobilization at different ages in Larix olgensis plantation have been studied, based on the survey of sample plots in Larix olgensis plantation ranging from 7 to 41 years in representative region of Lesser Khingan Mountains ( Northeast of China ). The methods of allometric dimension analysis and sampling harvest (quadrat or transect sampling method from Forest Inventory and Monitoring, US) were used to investigate the biomass of arbor layer, understory vegetation layer and down woody materials (DWM) layer. Carbon content in different organs of Larix olgensis were determined using an ELEMENTAR Vario EL Ⅲ CN Analyzer. The main results are as follows: (1) The biomass of both arbor layer and organs along with the proportion of stem increased significantly with stand age. For understory vegetation layer and DWM layers, the biomass changed in the same tendency. Fitness of the equations for arbor layer was good, and the change of parameters, such as biomass expansion factor (BEF) and root/shoot ratio (R) were in normal level. For example, the value of R was high in early age and then gradually tended to a steady state. (2) Total carbon storage of community increased with stand age, and is in sequence of arbor, DWM, and understory. At different vegetative stages carbon storage were 6.585 t?hm-2,66.934 t?hm-2,90019 t?hm-2,124.603 t?hm-2,162.683 t?hm-2, for immature, juvenile, middle-aged, near-mature and mature stand respectively. For carbon storage of arbor layer were 3254 t?hm-2,58.521 t?hm-2,78.086 t?hm-2,108.02 t?hm-2,138.096 t?hm-2. Mean carbon storage of understory and DWM layers were 10859 t hm-2 and 1.863 t?hm-2. The proportions of arbor, DWM and understory layers were 86.10%, 2.04% and 11.86%, differences among the ages became littler gradually with the augmentation in stand age. (3) The dynamic trend of carbon immobilization in different stages enhanced at the very beginning, and then declined. The accumulation rate of carbon storage in middle-aged stand was higher than those at other stages. Carbon immobilization of community were 0940 t?hm-2,3.889 t?hm-2,3.615 t?hm-2,3.628 t?hm-2,3.968 t?hm-2, and that of arbor layer were 0465 t?hm-2,3.39 t?hm-2,3.137 t?hm-2,3.133 t?hm-2,3.368 t?hm-2.With the trend appearing as U-shaped line, immobilization in understory layer had a decreasing duration(from 7 a to 19 a) while DWM layer was going up linearly. The mean immobilization for understory and DWM layers were 0079t?hm-2 and 0423t?hm-2. In conclusion, our study shows that carbon storage and distribution patterns in Larix olgensis plantation expressed obvious dynamic variations with stand age. We expected that our in-depth analysis can provide insight into the methods for estimating carbon storage and dynamic change laws in forest community at different ages. It can also be concluded that Larix olgensis plantations as an important and widely distributed plantations over northeast China, have huge carbon storage potential in the future.
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