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作 者 ：史作民,Magnus Dahlgren,Bengt Nihlgard

期 刊 ：生态学报 2001年 21卷 5期 页码：721~729

关键词：桦树；欧洲云杉；林分；地表植被；土壤特征；瑞典南部；

Keywords:birch, spruce, forest stand, ground vegetation, soil characteristics, southern Sweden,

摘 要 ：对瑞典南部 2 3对相邻的桦树和欧洲云杉林分的地表植被和土壤特征进行了研究。桦树和欧洲云杉林分曲芒发草( Deschampsia flexuosa L.)和苔藓植物的频度几乎没有区别 ,但桦树林分越桔 ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.)和黑果越桔 ( Vac-cinium vitis-idaea L.)的频度远大于欧洲云杉林分的频度。欧洲云杉林分各层土壤 (腐殖质层、0～ 1 0 cm矿物质土壤层和1 1～ 30 cm矿物质土壤层 )的酸度稍大于桦树林分各层土壤的酸度。欧洲云杉林分土壤可交换性 K、Ca和 Mg离子的含量稍大于桦树林分土壤的含量 ,但差别不明显 ,只有可交换性 Na离子的含量在欧洲云杉林分土壤中明显偏高。由于现在硫沉降明显降低 ,相对于桦树冠层而言欧洲云杉冠层较高的阳离子干沉降在一定程度上可能中和土壤酸化对瑞典南部欧洲云杉林的影响。

Abstract:Differences in ground vegetation and soil characteristics were studied in 23 adjacent birch and spruce stands in southernmost Sweden.There were almost no differences between the frequencies of Deschampsia flexuosa L.and mosses,but the frequencies of Vaccinium myrtillus L.and Vaccinium vitis idaea L.were significantly higher in birch than in spruce quadrats.Each soil layer (humus,0～10 cm and 11～30 cm)in spruce quadrats indicated slightly higher acidity than in the birch quadrats.Only was the con...

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