摘 要 ：以比较形态解剖学方法，对苔纲 (Hepaticae) 植物雌性生殖苞的结构及其不同成分起源进行了研究。首次把苔纲雌性生殖苞（Perichaetium）分为蒴帽型（Calyptra type）、蒴萼型（Perianth type）、鞘萼型（Coelocaule-perianth type）、茎鞘型（Coelocaule type）、蒴囊型（Perigynium type）、总苞型（Involucre type）和托生总苞型（Carpocephalum involucre type）等雌苞类型，并指明其中蒴帽型雌苞（Perichaetium of calyptra type of Hepaticae）最简单，为演化原始类群，托生总苞型雌苞（Perichaetium of carpocephalum involucre type of Hepaticae）演化最高级。还首次提出了雌苞演化示意图和“苞图式”表示苔类的雌苞结构。
Abstract:The perichaetium structure and origin of component of perichaetium of Hepaticae was studied through morphology comparing and anatomy research. We divided perichaetium of Hepaticae into Calyptra type, Perianth type, Coelocaule-perianth type, Coelocaule type, Perigynium type, Involucre type and Carpocephalum involucre type for the first time, among them, the Calyptra type was the most simple one and was the original group in evolution, the Carpocephalum involucre type was the most complex type and was the top class of evolution. We also presented diagrammatic sketch of perichaetium evolution and Diagramm perichaetia for expressing the structure and component of perichaetium.