Abstract:Docynia longiunguis Q.Luo et J.L.Liu, a new species of Docynia Dcne. from Xichang City, Sichuan, China, was described in this paper. The new species appears to be similar to Docynia indica(Will.) Dcne. and Docynia delavayi(Franch.) Schneid., but differs by having bigger flowers, 3.5-4 cm in diameter, petals 20-25 mm long and 12-16 mm wide, with unguis at base, 5-9 mm long, stamens 46-53, ovaries 5-6(7), styles 5-6(7), fruits 3-4.5 cm in diameter.