Abstract:It is necessary for us to determine the causal organism of a new wheat disease in Hangzhou so as to control the disease effectively. The disease was diagnosed as bacterial pathogen based on the symptoms and the primary plant bacteriological tests of 6 diseased samples. The six fluorescent bacterial isolates were isolated from the samples of bacterial sheath brown rot on wheat in Xiaoshan County of Zhejiang Province, China. They were identified as Pseudomonas fuscovaginae Miyajima, Tanii & Akita after 32 items of bacteriological tests, colony morphology and pathogenicity test, Biolog and FAME analysis compared with the 6 standard reference strains. It is firstly confirmed in China that P.fuscovaginae is the causal organism of bacterial sheath brown rot of wheat as well as the same pathogen of bacterial sheath brown rot of rice.