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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2012年

关键词：梨胶胞炭疽病菌；枯草芽胞杆菌sf 628；生物防治；

Keywords:Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Bacillus subtilis sf 628, biological control,

摘 要 ：近年来,由胶胞炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides引起的梨炭疽病在砀山酥梨产区普遍发生。为探讨生防菌对梨炭疽病的控制作用,采用平板对峙生长法和喷雾法研究了枯草芽胞杆菌sf 628对梨炭疽病的室内外防治效果。枯草芽胞杆菌sf 628发酵菌液、100倍和500倍稀释液对胶胞炭疽病菌菌丝生长的平板抑制率分别为91.45%、88.80%和86.63%。梨果先喷施生防菌液sf 628,24 h后接种炭疽病菌,对梨炭疽病的防治效果为83.74%;梨果先接种炭疽病菌,24 h后再喷施生防菌液sf 628,对梨炭疽病的防治效果为56.82%。生防菌sf 628可湿性粉剂100、1 000和2 000倍稀释液对梨炭疽病的田间防治效果分别为75.89%、60.78%和50.60%,常规对照药剂多菌灵的防治效果为61.10%。研究表明,枯草芽胞杆菌sf 628是一株对梨炭疽病有较好控制作用的生防菌。

Abstract:In recent years, pear anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a common disease throughout Dangshan pear-growing areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus subtilis sf 628 against C.gloeosporioides by being cultured together to inhibit mycelium growth of C.gloeosporioides in vitro and sprayed on pear to control pear anthracnose. Antagonistic examination in vitro against C.gloeosporioides revealed that the inhibition rate of mycelium growth of C.gloeosporioides was 91.45%, 88.80% and 86.63%, respectively when treated with sf 628 fermented liquid, 100 fold diluted solution and 500 fold diluted solution. The inoculating experiments on pear pomes showed that the control effect reached 83.74% when fruit were first treated with sf 628 fermented liquid, 24 h later, then inoculated with C.gloeosporioides. However, when fruit were inoculated with C.gloeosporioides firstly, 24 h later, then treated with sf 628 fermented liquid, the control effect was 56.82%. In the field experiment, the control effect of sf 628 against pear anthracnose was 75.89%, 60.78% and 50.60%, respectively when treated with three concentration of sf 628 wettable powder, which was 100 fold diluted solution, 1000 fold diluted solution, and 2000 fold diluted solution. Meanwhile, the control effect of carbendazim which was common used in field was 61.10%. Therefore, B.subtilis sf 628 is a prospective antagonistic bacterium against pear anthracnose.

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