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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2009年

关键词：杀虫剂；黑粪蚊；食用菌；防治效果；

Keywords:insecticide, Scatopse sp., edible fungi, controlling efficiency,

摘 要 ：选择8种杀虫剂,分别在实验室和菇房条件下研究其对黑粪蚊的防治效果和对平菇菌丝生长的影响,并分析施药后不同时间平菇中的农药残留。结果表明,40%辛硫磷EC、40%氧乐果EC、48%毒死蜱EC对黑粪蚊具有很好的防治效果,但对平菇菌丝的抑制率明显高于其它药剂; 10%吡虫啉WP、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC不仅对黑粪蚊成、幼虫具有良好的防治效果,而且使用后对平菇菌丝生长的影响较小;2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯EW、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC、1.8%阿维菌素EC等使用5天后均未检测到农药残留,5%氟虫腈SC和10%吡虫啉WP药后15天仍能检测到残留。

Abstract:It is an urgent problem to be solved by selecting higher efficient, lower poisonous, less residual pesticides in the practice of integrated control of Scatopse sp., one important edible fungus insect pest. In this paper, effects of eight widely used insecticides on Scatopse sp. were assessed in the laboratory and nursing house of the edible fungi. The side-effects of tested insecticides on mycelium growth of edible fungi and insecticide residues were also observed. The results showed that the excellent controlling efficiencies to Scatopse sp. were founded after 40% phoxim EC, 40% omethoate EC and 48% chlorpyrifos EC treatment. But higher inhibition rates to mushroom mycelium growth were also observed in these insecticide treatments than that of other insecticides treatments. Among the other five insecticides tested, higher controlling efficiencies to the adult and larva of Scatopse sp. and lower inhibition rates to mushroom mycelium growth were obtained after spraying 10% imidacloprid WP and 4.5% beta-cyfluthrin EC. Residues of 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin EW, 4.5% beta-cyfluthrin EC, 1.8% abamectin EC were no detectable on 5^th day after used. The residues of 5% fipronil SC and 10% imidacloprid WP were founded on 15^th day after spraying.

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