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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2006年

关键词：嗜卷书虱；气调处理；熏蒸剂；现实遗传力；抗性风险评估；

Keywords:Liposcelis bostrychophila, controlled atmosphere, fumigant, realized heritability, risk assessment,

摘 要 ：嗜卷书虱Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel是一种发生在储粮环境中的重要害虫,其抗性问题十分突出。在实验室条件下,采用高CO₂(35%CO₂、21%O₂、44%N₂)、低O₂+高CO₂(35%CO₂、1%O₂、64%N₂)、DDVP和PH₃等4种不同的处理,对嗜卷书虱连续处理20代,每代处理2次,每次处理保持对成虫死亡率35%的选择压力,得到了4个不同的抗性品系HCO₂-R、HCLO-R、DDVP-R和PH₃-R,抗性指数分别为3.3、5.2、10.2和4.5。经过对抗性发展趋势的分析,嗜卷书虱对这几种环境胁迫都有一定的抗性潜力。对抗性品系的现实遗传力(h²)进行分析,其h²分别为0.388、0.155、0.341和0.594。抗性风险评估结果表明,分别采用高CO₂、低O₂+高CO₂、DDVP和PH₃处理,在50%的选择压力下,抗性增加10倍所需的代数分别为62.30、44.17、26.46和38.48代;而在90%的选择压力下,抗性增加10倍所需的代数分别为28.11、20.08、11.98和17.39代。因此对于采用气调处理,嗜卷书虱对低O₂+高CO₂处理的抗性风险比用高CO₂处理大,而采用药剂处理,嗜卷书虱对DDVP的抗性风险要比PH₃处理大。

Abstract:The book louse, Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel, is an important stored insect pest.The key issue is the development of resistance to insecticides and controlled atmospheres. In order to assess the risk of resistance of Liposcelis bostrychophila to controlled atmospheres (CAs) and insecticides, the booklice were exposed to the conditions with high concentration of carbon dioxide (hypercarbia: 35%CO₂, 21%O₂, 44%N₂), low oxygen and high carbon dioxide (hypoxia with hypercarbia: 35%CO₂, 1%O₂, 64%N₂), and insecticides (DDVP and PH₃) respectively for 20 generations at the selection pressure of 35% adult mortality, twice selection for per generation. After 2 years‘ (2000-2001) selection, four resistant strains (R), HCO₂-R tolerant to hypercarbia, HCLO-R tolerant to hypoxia and hypercarbia, DDVP-R and PH₃-R resistant to DDVP and PH₃, were obtained in laboratory. The resistance factor (RF) values were 3.3, 5.2, 4.5 and 10.2, respectively. Analytical results of the developing strand about the different resistance strains showed that L.bostrychophila had genetic potential to develop resist- ance.The h² of the 4 resistant strains,HCO₂-R,HCLO-R,DDVP-R and PH₃-R were 0.388, 0.155, 0.341 and 0.594, respectively. The results of risk assessment of resistance showed, to achieve 10-fold resistance at the selection pressure of 50% and 90% mortality, it takes 62.30 and 28.10 generations for hypercarbia-exposure, 44.17 and 20.08 generations for hypoxia with hypercarbia-exposure, 26.46 and 11.98 generations for DDVP-exposure, and 38.48 and 17.39 generations for PH₃-exposure, respectively. For the two CA-exposure strains, the resistance risk of HCLO-R was higher than HCO₂-R; for the two insecticide-resistant strains, the resistance risk of DDVP-R was much higher.

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