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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2006年

关键词：小麦条锈菌；鉴别寄主；主效基因；微效基因；遗传分析；

Keywords:Puccinia striiformis West, differential variety, major gene, minor gene, genetic analysis,

摘 要 ：采用常温(昼17℃/夜10℃)和高温(昼24℃/夜15℃)两种温度处理,系统分析了丰产3号抗条锈性遗传基础及抗性特点。研究结果表明,丰产3号至少含有1显1隐2对主效和2对对温度敏感的隐性微效抗条锈基因。其中,2对主效基因互补控制对CY17的抗性,属核遗传;微效基因具有累加效应, 高温诱导表达控制对CY26的抗性。当2对主效基因呈隐性纯合时控制0;~1⁺型,1对呈隐性纯合时控制2^- ~3型,而2对微效基因均呈杂合状态时侵染型为3⁺ ~4型。系谱分析初步确认,丰产3号控制对CY17抗性的1对显性主效基因来源于丹麦1号,另外1对隐性主效基因则由亲本6028提供。抗性基因等位性分析表明,控制丰产3号对CY17抗性的2对主效基因与Lovrin13(Yr9+)、VPMI(Yr17)、抗引655(YrKy1,YrKy2)、水源11(YrSu)含有的主效抗条锈基因不同。将丰产3号2对主效抗条锈基因暂定名为YrFc1和YrFc2。丰产3号作为中国小麦条锈菌鉴别寄主用于抗性鉴定时要严格控制鉴定温度,即不要连续8 h超过18℃。

Abstract:We characterized the resistance of the differential variety Fengchan3 of wheat to yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici using genetic methods. After inoculated, the wheat seedlings were kept under different temperature conditions (17℃ at daytime and 10℃ at night or 24℃ at daytime and 15℃ at night). The research results indicated that at least two major genes (one is dominant and the other is recessive) and two recessive minor genes were involved in the resistance reactions of Fengchan3. The minor genes were both temperature-inducible. The resistance of Fengchan3 to the race CY17 of P.striiformis was controlled by two complementary major genes; the two minor genes had additive genetic effects on the regulation of yellow rust resistance and were induced to involve in the resistance to CY26 by high temperature. When the major genes were both homozygously recessive, disease reactions to the race CY17 were presented on 0; to 1⁺ scale; while one of them was homozygously recessive, the disease reactions of Fengchan3 were presented on 2^- to 3 scale. The disease reactions to the race CY26 were presented on 3⁺ -4 when the two minor genes were both heterozygous. Through pedigree analysis, we predicted that the dominant major resistance gene for CY17 in Fengchan3 was derived from a wheat variety Danish1, and the other recessive major resistance gene was provided by one of its parents (6028). Allelic analysis showed that two major genes resistant to CY17 in Fengchan3 were different from those major resistance genes such as Yr9, Yr17, YrKy1, YrKy2, and YrSu in Lovrin13, VPMI, Kangyin655 and Shuiyuan11, respectively. Therefore, the two major resistance genes in Fengchan3 were temporarily designated as YrFc1 and YrFc2. Because of the temperature-sensitive minor genes in Fengchan3, the inoculation temperature is one of the critical factors for the infection types. It is not allowed to continuously keep the inoculated wheat seedlings under a temperature above 18℃ more than 8 hours when using Fengchan3 as a differential variety.

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