Abstract:Finding the major determinants limiting geographical distribution of red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is an important goal to provide presupposition of implementation a control or even eradication program in China. We predicted the range of S.invicta within China by applying two models: climate model (Climex model) and dynamic model of fire ant colony growth (Colony dynamic model CDM). We also explored the distribution factors of soil temperature and precipitation in China. The risk of all territory of five provinces or regions (Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian and Taiwan), south parts of 4 provinces (Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and Jiangxi) would be very high. From this high risk area, probability and suitability for S.invicta survival for northern China turned down to 0 gradually, both de- clared in Climex model and in colony dynamic model. The north limit line of S.invicta in China should lie on the north and west edge of Sichuan, south of Gansu, middle of Shannxi, north of Henan and then the south edge of Shandong. Basing on our investigation, it is also clear that S.invicta just finished first invasion step. The results of prediction and investigation suggest that there exists an opportunity to implement urgent control program, and the range expansion of S.invicta into neighboring provinces would occur without severe control.